Spliceosome integrity is defective in the motor neuron diseases ALS and SMA.

Spliceosome integrity is defective in the motor neuron diseases ALS and SMA.
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DOI:
10.1002/emmm.201202303
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发表时间:
2013-02
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Yamanaka, Koji
Yamanaka, Koji
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tsuiji, Hitomi;Iguchi, Yohei;Furuya, Asako;Kataoka, Ayane;Hatsuta, Hiroyuki;Atsuta, Naoki;Tanaka, Fumiaki;Hashizume, Yoshio;Akatsu, Hiroyasu;Murayama, Shigeo;Sobue, Gen;Yamanaka, Koji

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肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS) 和脊髓性肌萎缩症 (SMA) 这两种运动神经元疾病分别是由参与 RNA 代谢的不同基因 TDP-43 和 FUS/TLS 以及 SMN 引起的。然而,这两种疾病是否存在共同的 RNA 代谢缺陷机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明 TDP-43 和 FUS/TLS 通过与 SMN 的关联定位在核 Gem 中,并且所有三种蛋白都在剪接体维持中发挥作用。我们还表明,在 ALS 中,Gems 丢失,U snRNA 水平上调,剪接体 U snRNP 异常且广泛积聚在运动神经元核中,但在具有 TDP-43 病理学的 FTLD 颞叶中则不然。 ALS 运动神经元中 U snRNA 的异常积累与 SMA 运动神经元形成鲜明对比,后者显示出 U snRNA 数量减少,而两者的剪接体均存在缺陷。这些发现表明,剪接体完整性的严重丧失是 ALS 和 SMA 神经退行性疾病常见的关键机制,并且可以解释运动神经元的细胞类型特异性脆弱性。
Two motor neuron diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), are caused by distinct genes involved in RNA metabolism, TDP-43 and FUS/TLS, and SMN, respectively. However, whether there is a shared defective mechanism in RNA metabolism common to these two diseases remains unclear. Here, we show that TDP-43 and FUS/TLS localize in nuclear Gems through an association with SMN, and that all three proteins function in spliceosome maintenance. We also show that in ALS, Gems are lost, U snRNA levels are up-regulated and spliceosomal U snRNPs abnormally and extensively accumulate in motor neuron nuclei, but not in the temporal lobe of FTLD with TDP-43 pathology. This aberrant accumulation of U snRNAs in ALS motor neurons is in direct contrast to SMA motor neurons, which show reduced amounts of U snRNAs, while both have defects in the spliceosome. These findings indicate that a profound loss of spliceosome integrity is a critical mechanism common to neurodegeneration in ALS and SMA, and may explain cell-type specific vulnerability of motor neurons.
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