Resilience of a commercial fishing fleet following emergency closures in the Gulf of Mexico
Resilience of a commercial fishing fleet following emergency closures in the Gulf of Mexico
复制标题
墨西哥湾紧急关闭后商业捕鱼船队的恢复能力
DOI：
10.1016/j.fishres.2019.04.017
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Strelcheck, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cockrell, Marcy L.;O’Farrell, Shay;Sanchirico, James;Murawski, Steven A.;Perruso, Larry;Strelcheck, Andrew
我们使用高分辨率的依赖于鱼类的数据和定量建模方法来研究2010年深水地平线石油泄漏（DWH）紧急关闭后商业珊瑚礁捕鱼船队的弹性。我们的研究结果表明，船队在很大程度上是弹性的关闭，虽然有不同的空间差异的损耗，以及随之而来的管理变化和紧急支出，可能会影响弹性。在DWH之后，5%的以前活跃的船只退出了船队（相比之下，背景年流失率为20%）。DWH后退出的预测概率较低的船舶关闭前的历史，每单位的努力高渔获量，低笛鲷收入的变化，或低石斑鱼收入。在DWH之前和之后的努力分布中有80%的重叠，尽管退出墨西哥湾中北部和东部集中努力的船只。“机会之船”计划和其他紧急补偿可能改善了DWH的一些负面经济影响，使更多的船只留在船队中。实施渔具限制和个人捕捞配额导致DWH也可能通过消除边缘渔民来“准备”船队的弹性。这项工作是新颖的，在其使用高分辨率的空间数据，再加上旅行日志，建立定量模型，确定渔民的恢复力的驱动因素后，在墨西哥湾的渔业资源的重大和突然的扰动。这项工作还强调，需要更好地了解渔民对长期渔业可持续性和管理干扰的反应。
We used high-resolution fisheries-dependent data and a quantitative modeling approach to examine resilience of a commercial reef fish fleet after theDeepwater Horizonoil spill (DWH) emergency closures in 2010. Our results indicate that the fleet was largely resilient to the closures, although there were spatially-varying differences in attrition, and concomitant management changes and emergency payouts that likely influenced resilience. Five percent of previously active vessels exited the fleet after DWH (compared to the background annual attrition rate of ˜20%). The predicted probability of exiting after DWH was lower for vessels with a pre-closure history of high catch-per-unit-effort, low snapper revenue variability, or low grouper revenue. There was ˜80% overlap in pre- to post-DWH effort distribution, although vessels that exited concentrated effort in the north-central and eastern Gulf of Mexico. The Vessels of Opportunity program and other emergency compensation likely ameliorated some of the negative economic impacts from DWH, allowing more vessels to remain in the fleet than may have otherwise. Implementation of gear restrictions and individual fishing quotas leading up to DWH may have also ‘primed’ the fleet for resilience by removing marginal fishers. This work is novel in its use of high-resolution spatial data, coupled with trip logbooks, to construct quantitative models identifying drivers of fisher resilience after significant and sudden perturbations to fishery resources in the Gulf of Mexico. This work also highlights the need to better understand fisher response to disturbance for long-term fishery sustainability and management.
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