The role of sodium channels in chronic pain.

The role of sodium channels in chronic pain.
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DOI:
10.1002/mus.23314
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发表时间:
2012-08
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Henry, Michael A.
Henry, Michael A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Levinson, Simon R.;Luo, Songjiang;Henry, Michael A.

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在这里,我们回顾了最近对慢性疼痛机制的研究,主要集中在神经元钠通道,经典止痛药的靶点。我们首先讨论的证据表明,特定的钠通道亚型对于检测和传导来自伤害性感受器的正常的剧烈疼痛刺激是必不可少的。然后,我们回顾了在动物和人类组织中慢性炎症和神经损伤中钠通道表达和定位的变化。我们最后讨论了在正常发育过程中,髓鞘在组织和维持兰维尔结节的钠通道簇中所起的作用,以及炎症过程或神经损伤如何改变这些簇的特征。基于这些发现,我们认为慢性疼痛的部分原因可能是慢性损伤过程中轴突的部分脱髓鞘,这产生了异常的钠通道簇,作为异位敏感或自发活动的部位。
Here we review recent research into the mechanisms of chronic pain that has focused on neuronal sodium channels, a target of classic analgesic agents. We first discuss evidence that specific sodium channel isoforms are essential for the detection and conduction of normal acutely painful stimuli from nociceptors. We then review findings that show changes in sodium channel expression and localization in chronic inflammation and nerve injury in animal and human tissues. We conclude by discussing the role that myelination plays in organizing and maintaining sodium channel clusters at nodes of Ranvier in normal development and how inflammatory processes or nerve injury alter the characteristics of such clusters. Based on these findings, we suggest that chronic pain may in part result from partial demyelination of axons during chronic injury, which creates aberrant sodium channel clusters that serve as sites of ectopic sensitivity or spontaneous activity.
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