Soil properties and charcoal dynamics of burnt soils in the Tyrolean Limestone Alps

Soil properties and charcoal dynamics of burnt soils in the Tyrolean Limestone Alps
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蒂罗尔石灰岩阿尔卑斯山烧毁土壤的土壤特性和木炭动态

DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2012.07.011
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Prietzel J.
Prietzel J.
中科院分区:
农林科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Geitner;Prietzel J.

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我们调查了泰罗林石灰岩阿尔卑斯山四个不同年代的烧毁斜坡的土壤样本(野火发生在2003年、1962年、1946年和1250年),以及周围未受燃烧影响的土壤样本。测定了O层和A层的炭素含量以及pH、土壤有机质含量和C/N比。结果表明,所有土壤中木炭的背景值都是以木炭为主,在最年轻的烧毁坡面(2003)的O层中木炭占主导地位。随着植被和土壤的恢复,木炭浓度降低,最大木炭积累区在土壤剖面中进一步下移。火烧坡面土壤有机质含量显著降低,这是由于植被燃烧、植被长期变化和侵蚀加剧所致。然而,从长期来看,由于植被的恢复,会发生再积累。土壤pH值因燃烧而增加,并因植被组成的改变而进一步改变。C/N值基本保持稳定,土壤N含量对燃烧反应更加敏感。结果表明,由于坡度较大,高寒地区对野火的反应比较敏感,这不仅会造成植被组成的短期改变,也会造成长期的植被侵蚀。
We investigated soil samples of four burnt slopes in the Tyrolean Limestone Alps of varying age after fire (wildfires occurred in 2003, 1962, 1946, and in 1250AD) as well as of the surrounding soils that were not affected by combustion. Charcoal content of the O and A horizons was determined as well as pH, soil organic matter content and C/N ratio. The results showed a background value of charcoal in all soils with a dominance of charcoal in the O horizon of the youngest burnt slope (2003). With vegetation and soil recovery, charcoal concentrations decreased and zones of maximum charcoal accumulation shifted further down in the soil profile. Soil organic matter contents significantly decreased on burnt slopes, which is due to vegetation combustion, long-term vegetation changes and intensified erosion. However, in the long-term, re-accumulation occurs due to the recovery of vegetation. Soil pH increased by combustion and was further modified by an altered vegetation composition. C/N ratios remained largely stable, with the soil N content reacting more sensitive to combustion. The results demonstrate that Alpine regions react sensitively to wildfires due to the steep slope angle, which causes not only short-term but also long-term modification in vegetation composition and erosion.
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