The genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals.
The genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals.
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DOI：
10.1186/1755-8166-4-22
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发表时间：
2011-10-12
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Stanyon R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graphodatsky AS;Trifonov VA;Stanyon R
过去十年见证了进化多样化物种的基因组测序和绘图的爆炸式增长。尽管哺乳动物的全基因组测序正在迅速进展，但组装和比对来自多个物种的直系同源整个染色体区域的能力仍然是不可能的。传统上，对伴侣动物（狗和猫）、实验室动物（小鼠和大鼠）和农业动物（牛、猪和马）的比较图谱的强烈关注一直被用作了解疾病相关或经济上重要的表型的潜在基础的手段。然而，这些图谱也提供了前所未有的机会，可以使用多物种分析作为推断核型进化的工具。比较染色体绘制和相关技术现在被认为是比较基因组研究中最强大的方法。使用分子定义的 DNA 探针对不同物种的染色体进行荧光原位杂交 (FISH)，可以高精度地鉴定同源性。现在几乎所有哺乳动物目的成员都可以获得染色体涂色数据。在大多数目中，有些物种的染色体进化速率可以被视为“默认”速率。考虑到哺乳动物辐射了 1.8 亿年，进化史上固定的重排数量似乎相对较少。比较染色体图谱记录了进化过程中发生的核型变化的历史。本综述的目的是通过将已发表的结果与一些最新未发表的结果整合在一起，概述我们在破译哺乳动物核型进化方面的最新进展。
The past decade has witnessed an explosion of genome sequencing and mapping in evolutionary diverse species. While full genome sequencing of mammals is rapidly progressing, the ability to assemble and align orthologous whole chromosome regions from more than a few species is still not possible. The intense focus on building of comparative maps for companion (dog and cat), laboratory (mice and rat) and agricultural (cattle, pig, and horse) animals has traditionally been used as a means to understand the underlying basis of disease-related or economically important phenotypes. However, these maps also provide an unprecedented opportunity to use multispecies analysis as a tool for inferring karyotype evolution. Comparative chromosome painting and related techniques are now considered to be the most powerful approaches in comparative genome studies. Homologies can be identified with high accuracy using molecularly defined DNA probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on chromosomes of different species. Chromosome painting data are now available for members of nearly all mammalian orders. In most orders, there are species with rates of chromosome evolution that can be considered as 'default' rates. The number of rearrangements that have become fixed in evolutionary history seems comparatively low, bearing in mind the 180 million years of the mammalian radiation. Comparative chromosome maps record the history of karyotype changes that have occurred during evolution. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of these recent advances in our endeavor to decipher the karyotype evolution of mammals by integrating the published results together with some of our latest unpublished results.
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影响因子：
4.4
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