B-cell-lineage immunogen design in vaccine development with HIV-1 as a case study.

B-cell-lineage immunogen design in vaccine development with HIV-1 as a case study.
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DOI:
10.1038/nbt.2197
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发表时间:
2012-05-07
影响因子:
46.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
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HIV-1包膜免疫未能诱导针对保守表位的广泛中和抗体,这是生产预防性HIV-1疫苗的主要障碍。来自那些在多年慢性HIV-1感染后产生广中和单抗的受试者具有一个或多个不同寻常的特征,包括对宿主抗原的多反应、广泛的体细胞超突变和长的、可变的重链第三互补决定区,这些因素可能通过宿主免疫调节机制限制它们的表达。从HIV-1感染者中分离出bNAbs,并使用计算得到的克隆谱系作为模板,为HIV-1疫苗免疫原的设计提供了一条新的途径。这种方法应该适用于许多感染性病原体,但有望构建出能够驱动B细胞沿着罕见但令人满意的成熟途径的疫苗。
Failure of immunization with the HIV-1 envelope to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies against conserved epitopes is a major barrier to producing a preventive HIV-1 vaccine. Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (BnAbs) from those subjects who do produce them after years of chronic HIV-1 infection have one or more unusual characteristics, including polyreactivity for host antigens, extensive somatic hypermutation and long, variable heavy-chain third complementarity-determining regions, factors that may limit their expression by host immunoregulatory mechanisms. The isolation of BnAbs from HIV-1–infected subjects and the use of computationally derived clonal lineages as templates provide a new path for HIV-1 vaccine immunogen design. This approach, which should be applicable to many infectious agents, holds promise for the construction of vaccines that can drive B cells along rare but desirable maturation pathways.
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