Recognition of herpes simplex viruses: toll-like receptors and beyond.

Recognition of herpes simplex viruses: toll-like receptors and beyond.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2013.11.012
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发表时间:
2014-03-20
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
He, Bin
He, Bin
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma, Yijie;He, Bin

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单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)是人类病原体,建立溶解性和潜伏性感染。潜伏期的再激活间歇性发生,这代表了复发性感染的终身来源。在这个复杂的过程中,HSV触发并中和先天免疫。因此,HSV和先天免疫系统之间的动态平衡决定了病毒感染的结果。HSV的检测涉及病原体识别受体,其包括Toll样受体(TLR)、视黄酸诱导基因I(RIG-I)样受体和胞质DNA传感器。此外,在病毒进入宿主细胞后,存在先天组分或途径来感测膜融合。因此,该监视网络激活下游转录因子,导致I型干扰素(IFN)和炎性细胞因子的诱导。毫不奇怪,随着建立慢性感染的能力,HSV已经进化出调节或逃避先天免疫的策略。在这篇综述中,我们描述了最近的进展有关的相互作用的HSV和诱导的先天免疫介导的病原体识别受体或途径。
Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are human pathogens that establish lytic and latent infections. Reactivation from latency occurs intermittently, which represents a life-long source of recurrent infection. In this complex process, HSV triggers and neutralizes innate immunity. Therefore, a dynamic equilibrium between HSV and the innate immune system determines the outcome of viral infection. Detection of HSV involves pathogen recognition receptors which include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors, and cytosolic DNA sensors. Moreover, innate components or pathways exist to sense membrane fusion upon viral entry into host cells. Consequently, this surveillance network activates downstream transcription factors, leading to the induction of type I interferon (IFN) and inflammatory cytokines. Not surprisingly, with the capacity to establish chronic infection HSV has evolved strategies that modulate or evade innate immunity. In this review, we describe recent advances pertinent to the interplay of HSV and the induction of innate immunity mediated by pathogen recognition receptors or pathways.
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