Time-to-death-related change in positive and negative affect among older adults approaching the end of life.
Time-to-death-related change in positive and negative affect among older adults approaching the end of life.
复制标题
接近生命终点的老年人中与死亡时间相关的积极和消极影响的变化。
作者：
Nina Vogel;O. Schilling;H. Wahl;A. Beekman;B. Penninx
晚年发育可能意味着与死亡时间有关的终末过程，而不是与实际年龄有关的终末过程。在这项研究中，我们将死亡时间的观点应用于情感幸福感。利用阿姆斯特丹纵向老龄化研究（LASA） 15年的观察间隔，包括5次测量，包括大量死亡参与者（N = 1,671，平均年龄= 75.60，平均死亡时间= 6.83年，首次），我们检验了(1)与实际年龄相比，积极（PA）和消极影响（NA）的个体内部轨迹是否可以更好地用死亡时间来描述；(2) PA和NA与死亡时间相关的变化是否遵循终端下降（线性变化）还是终端下降（加速变化）的模式；(3)PA和NA是否可以识别出标志着终端变化期开始的过渡点。对于PA和NA，线性和二次死亡时间和年龄相关轨迹的多层混合模型证实，死亡时间可以解释更多的个体内部方差，并且比实足年龄更适合数据。与死亡时间相关的二次型趋势比线性轨迹拟合得更好，从而表明情感幸福感的最终下降，随着死亡的临近，PA的下降和NA的增加加速。此外，NA的变化与死亡时间的关系比PA的变化更强。PA和NA分别在5.6年和3.7年达到终末期的过渡点。总之，人类生命末期的情感发展可以更好地理解为与死亡相关的过程，而不是按年龄分级的过程。
Late-life development may imply terminal processes related with time-to-death rather than with chronological age. In this study, we applied the time-to-death perspective to affective well-being. Using a 15-year observational interval including five measurement occasions with a large sample of deceased participants (N = 1,671; mean age = 75.60; mean time-to-death = 6.83 years, at first occasion) from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), we examined (1) whether intraindividual trajectories in positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) can be better described in terms of time-to-death as compared to chronological age; (2) whether time-to-death-related change in PA and NA follows a terminal decline (linear change) versus terminal drop (accelerating change) pattern, and (3) whether transition points in PA and NA, marking the beginning of the terminal change period, can be identified. For both PA and NA, multilevel mixed models of linear and quadratic time-to-death and age-related trajectories confirmed that time-to-death accounts for more intraindividual variance and reveals a better fit to the data than chronological age. Quadratic time-to-death-related trends fitted better than linear trajectories, thus indicating terminal drop of affective well-being, in terms of decreases of PA and increases of NA accelerating as death comes close. Also, change of NA was linked to time-to-death more strongly than PA change. Transition points to the terminal phase were found at 5.6 and 3.7 years for PA and NA, respectively. In conclusion, affective development toward the end of the human life span may be better understood as a death-related-rather than age-graded-process.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
S. Charles;C. Reynolds;M. Gatz
通讯作者：
S. Charles;C. Reynolds;M. Gatz
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gerstorf, Denis;Ram, Nilam;Smith, Jacqui
通讯作者：
Smith, Jacqui
影响因子：
4
作者：
Schilling, Oliver K.;Wahl, Hans-Werner;Wiegering, Sarah
通讯作者：
Wiegering, Sarah