Phosphorylation-coupled proteolysis of the transcription factor MYC2 is important for jasmonate-signaled plant immunity.
Phosphorylation-coupled proteolysis of the transcription factor MYC2 is important for jasmonate-signaled plant immunity.
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转录因子 MYC2 的磷酸化偶联蛋白水解对于茉莉酸信号植物免疫很重要
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1003422
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Li C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhai Q;Yan L;Tan D;Chen R;Sun J;Gao L;Dong MQ;Wang Y;Li C
碱性螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）Leu拉链转录因子MYC 2是茉莉酸（JA）诱导的植物免疫应答的主要调控因子，通过不同的机制对不同的JA应答基因进行差异调节。然而，MYC 2本身如何在蛋白质水平上被调节仍然是未知的。在这里，我们表明MYC 2的蛋白水解在调节其靶基因的转录中起着积极的作用。我们在MYC 2的转录激活结构域（transcription activation domain，MYC 2）中发现了一个12个氨基酸的元件，该元件是MYC 2的蛋白水解和转录活性所必需的。有趣的是，MYC 2在残基Thr 328处的磷酸化，这有助于其周转，也是MYC 2调节基因转录的功能所必需的。总之，这些结果表明MYC 2的磷酸化偶联周转刺激其转录活性。我们的研究结果表明，与动物一样，植物采用“破坏激活”机制来微调其转录组以适应不断变化的环境。植物激素茉莉酸（JA）调节广泛的植物免疫应答，涉及由碱性螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）Leu拉链转录因子MYC 2调节的全基因组转录重编程。作为JA信号转导的主要调节因子，MYC 2通过不同的分子机制差异调节JA应答基因的不同分支的转录。在这里，我们提供的证据表明，磷酸化依赖的营业额MYC 2与其功能相结合。我们表明，在JA反应期间，MYC 2蛋白的高积累与受MYC 2正调节的早期伤口响应基因的峰值表达相关，而MYC 2蛋白的低积累与受MYC 2负调节的晚期病原体响应基因的峰值表达相关。2。我们在MYC 2的转录激活结构域中发现了一个12个氨基酸的元件，该元件是MYC 2的蛋白水解和转录活性所必需的。有趣的是，MYC 2在残基Thr 328处的磷酸化，这有助于其周转，对于MYC 2调节转录的功能也很重要。总之，这些结果表明MYC 2的磷酸化和周转与其调节JA应答基因转录的功能密切相关。我们的研究结果表明，植物采用蛋白水解偶联转录的机制，以微调其对各种压力的反应。
As a master regulator of jasmonic acid (JA)–signaled plant immune responses, the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) Leu zipper transcription factor MYC2 differentially regulates different subsets of JA–responsive genes through distinct mechanisms. However, how MYC2 itself is regulated at the protein level remains unknown. Here, we show that proteolysis of MYC2 plays a positive role in regulating the transcription of its target genes. We discovered a 12-amino-acid element in the transcription activation domain (TAD) of MYC2 that is required for both the proteolysis and the transcriptional activity of MYC2. Interestingly, MYC2 phosphorylation at residue Thr328, which facilitates its turnover, is also required for the MYC2 function to regulate gene transcription. Together, these results reveal that phosphorylation-coupled turnover of MYC2 stimulates its transcription activity. Our results exemplify that, as with animals, plants employ an “activation by destruction” mechanism to fine-tune their transcriptome to adapt to their ever-changing environment. The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) regulates a wide range of plant immune responses involving genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming that are regulated by the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) Leu zipper transcription factor MYC2. As a master regulator of JA signaling, MYC2 differentially regulates the transcription of different branches of JA–responsive genes through distinct molecular mechanisms. Here, we provide evidence that phosphorylation-dependent turnover of MYC2 is coupled with its function. We show that, during JA response, high accumulation of the MYC2 protein correlates with peaked expression of early wound-responsive genes that are positively regulated by MYC2, whereas low accumulation of the MYC2 protein correlates with peaked expression of late pathogen-responsive genes that are negatively regulated by MYC2. We discovered a 12-amino-acid element in the transcription activation domain of MYC2 that is required for both the proteolysis and the transcriptional activity of MYC2. Interestingly, MYC2 phosphorylation at residue Thr328, which facilitates its turnover, is also important for the MYC2 function to regulate transcription. Together, these results reveal that phosphorylation and turnover of MYC2 are tightly linked with its function to regulate the transcription of JA–responsive genes. Our results exemplify that plants employ proteolysis-coupled transcription as mechanism to fine-tune their responses to versatile stresses.
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