Vertical Gentrification: A 3D Analysis of Luxury Housing Development in New York City

Vertical Gentrification: A 3D Analysis of Luxury Housing Development in New York City
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垂直绅士化:纽约市豪华住宅开发的 3D 分析

DOI:
10.1080/24694452.2021.2022451
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Lauermann, John
Lauermann, John
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lauermann, John

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纽约市经历了精英“豪华”住宅开发的繁荣。拥有大型公寓和广阔的舒适空间,豪华建筑在人口密集的景观中提供不拥挤的生活。然而,为这些奢侈品腾出空间需要新颖的工程,特别是高层建筑的发展。本文从三个维度描绘了豪华真实的房地产的扩张足迹,分析了2000年至2020年期间建造的943个住房项目。它评估了占地面积更大的高层建筑的建设如何增加建筑环境的高度和体积,以及这些景观变化如何与与中产阶级化相关的社会变化相互作用。平均而言,新建豪华住宅开发项目的高度增加了6.8层,建筑量增加了一倍多。建筑物的高度和体积也明显大于邻近的结构。由此产生的土地投资的加剧导致了新的流离失所,特别是中产阶级的流离失所。垂直发展与超级绅士化密切相关,在已经绅士化或中产阶级社区进一步加强绅士化进程。
New York City has experienced a boom in elite “luxury” housing development. With large apartments and expansive amenity spaces, luxury buildings offer uncrowded living in an otherwise densely populated landscape. However, making space for these luxuries requires novel engineering, especially high-rise development. This article maps the expanding footprint of luxury real estate in three dimensions, analyzing 943 housing projects built between 2000 and 2020. It assesses how construction of taller buildings with larger footprints increased height and volume of the built environment, and how these landscape changes interact with social changes related to gentrification. On average, new build luxury development increased height by 6.8 stories and more than doubled building volumes. Building heights and volumes are also significantly larger than neighboring structures. The resulting intensification of land investment leads to new kinds of displacements, especially middle class displacement. Vertical development is closely associated with super-gentrification, the further intensification of gentrification processes in already gentrified or otherwise middle class neighborhoods.
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