Using combined morphological, allometric and molecular approaches to identify species of the genus Raillietiella (Pentastomida).
Using combined morphological, allometric and molecular approaches to identify species of the genus Raillietiella (Pentastomida).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0024936
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Shine R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelehear C;Spratt DM;Dubey S;Brown GP;Shine R
如果寄主物种影响寄生虫的形态，寄生虫的分类学研究可能会受到严重损害；一个不加批判的分析可能仅仅因为寄生虫形态对宿主生理的表型可塑性反应而识别出多个分类群。五角形虫属是一种内寄生的甲壳类动物，主要感染食肉爬行动物的呼吸系统，但也有来自蟾蜍类动物的记录。在属水平上对五形虫的描述是明确的，但许多种的分类地位尚不清楚。本文从澳大利亚热带入侵蔗蟾蜍（Rhinella marina）、入侵亚洲家壁虎（Hemidactylus frenatus）和本地树蛙（Litoria caerulea）的肺中采集了raillietielides，并采用遗传分析、传统形态学和新型形态学相结合的方法来阐明它们的身份。传统的寄生虫形态学分析（主要关注形态特征的原始值）显示，根据五口体钩大小，有两个离散的集群，这意味着两种不同的五口体：一种来自蟾蜍和树蛙（印度Raillietiella indica），另一种来自蜥蜴（frenatus Raillietiella）。然而，在异速生长分析中，考虑到五形体的体型大小，这些集群消失了，这表明可能只涉及一个五形体分类群。我们的分子数据显示，蟾蜍和蜥蜴的寄生虫之间没有遗传差异，证实只有一种：frenatus。这种五足体（以前只在蜥蜴身上发现）显然也能在无尾动物身上成熟。我们的分析表明，随着寄生虫在最终宿主中的发育阶段的转变，用于五形体分类的形态学特征发生了变化。为了促进对五角形植物新种的有效描述，未来的分类工作应包括形态测量（包括身体大小和钩钝度的定量测量）和分子数据。
Taxonomic studies of parasites can be severely compromised if the host species affects parasite morphology; an uncritical analysis might recognize multiple taxa simply because of phenotypically plastic responses of parasite morphology to host physiology. Pentastomids of the genus Raillietiella are endoparasitic crustaceans primarily infecting the respiratory system of carnivorous reptiles, but also recorded from bufonid anurans. The delineation of pentastomids at the generic level is clear, but the taxonomic status of many species is not. We collected raillietiellids from lungs of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina), the invasive Asian house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), and a native tree frog (Litoria caerulea) in tropical Australia, and employed a combination of genetic analyses, and traditional and novel morphological methods to clarify their identity. Conventional analyses of parasite morphology (which focus on raw values of morphological traits) revealed two discrete clusters in terms of pentastome hook size, implying two different species of pentastomes: one from toads and a tree frog (Raillietiella indica) and another from lizards (Raillietiella frenatus). However, these clusters disappeared in allometric analyses that took pentastome body size into account, suggesting that only a single pentastome taxon may be involved. Our molecular data revealed no genetic differences between parasites in toads versus lizards, confirming that there was only one species: R. frenatus. This pentastome (previously known only from lizards) clearly is also capable of maturing in anurans. Our analyses show that the morphological features used in pentastomid taxonomy change as the parasite transitions through developmental stages in the definitive host. To facilitate valid descriptions of new species of pentastomes, future taxonomic work should include both morphological measurements (incorporating quantitative measures of body size and hook bluntness) and molecular data.
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影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Barton, DP;Riley, J
通讯作者：
Riley, J
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通讯作者：
Hoskin, Conrad J.
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ALI, JH;RILEY, J;SELF, JT
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SELF, JT
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通讯作者：
PETREN, K
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