A city-scale assessment of emergency response accessibility to vulnerable populations and facilities under normal and pluvial flood conditions for Shanghai, China
A city-scale assessment of emergency response accessibility to vulnerable populations and facilities under normal and pluvial flood conditions for Shanghai, China
复制标题
中国上海在正常和雨洪条件下对脆弱人群和设施的应急响应可达性的城市规模评估
DOI：
10.1177/2399808320971304
复制
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liao Banggu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin Jie;Yu Dapeng;Liao Banggu
本文描述了一种基于情景的方法，该方法将2D水动力学建模与地理信息系统(GIS)网络分析相结合，以评估大城市范围内应急服务对地表洪水的脆弱性。该方法在上海市的急救医疗服务和消防救援服务中得到了验证。考虑到四种具有代表性的交通状况，在规定的时间范围内(紧急医疗服务为8、12和15分钟，消防和救援服务为5、10和15分钟)内的服务面积、响应时间和人口覆盖率方面的可达性被量化，并在正常和不同程度的暴雨洪水情景(5、20和100年重现期)下绘制地图。结果表明，运营响应的性能在很大程度上取决于交通系统的功能，从畅通到拥堵急剧下降。研究发现，地表水泛滥对全市应急服务的影响有限(即特定地点)，但影响是非线性的。研究结果为优化应急站点的分布和为弱势群体和设施制定战略应急计划提供了详细信息。
This paper describes the development of a scenario-based approach that couples 2D hydrodynamic modeling with Geographic Information System (GIS) network analysis to assess the vulnerability of emergency services to surface water flooding at a large city scale. The method is demonstrated for Emergency Medical Service and Fire & Rescue Service in the city of Shanghai, China. Considering four representative traffic conditions, accessibility in terms of service area, response time, and population coverage within specified timeframes (8-, 12-, and 15-minute for Emergency Medical Service and 5-, 10-, and 15-minute for Fire & Rescue Service) is quantified and mapped under normal as well as pluvial flood scenarios of various magnitudes (5-, 20-, and 100-year return periods). Results show that the performance of operational responses largely depends on the functioning of transportation system, dramatically decreasing from unobstructed to congested traffic. Surface water flooding is found to result in limited (i.e. site-specific) but nonlinear impacts on the city-wide emergency service provisions. The results provide detailed information for optimizing the distribution of emergency stations and developing strategic contingency planning for vulnerable populations and facilities.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Xiaodan Wu;D. Yu;Zhongyuan Chen;R. Wilby
通讯作者：
Xiaodan Wu;D. Yu;Zhongyuan Chen;R. Wilby
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Paprotny D;Sebastian A;Morales-Nápoles O;Jonkman SN
通讯作者：
Jonkman SN
评估雨洪对城市内路网的影响和风险：以中国上海市中心为例
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Yin, Jie;Yu, Dapeng;He, Qing
通讯作者：
He, Qing
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
J. Schubert;B. Sanders
通讯作者：
J. Schubert;B. Sanders
影响因子：
3
作者：
Jie Yin;Zhane Yin;Haidong Zhong;Shiyuan Xu;Xiaomeng Hu;Jun Wang;Jianping Wu
通讯作者：
Jie Yin;Zhane Yin;Haidong Zhong;Shiyuan Xu;Xiaomeng Hu;Jun Wang;Jianping Wu