Hierarchical and simultaneous utilization of carbon substrates: mechanistic insights, physiological roles, and ecological consequences.

Hierarchical and simultaneous utilization of carbon substrates: mechanistic insights, physiological roles, and ecological consequences.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.mib.2021.07.008
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Hwa, Terence
Hwa, Terence
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Okano, Hiroyuki;Hermsen, Rutger;Hwa, Terence

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生长在碳基质混合物上的细菌表现出两种利用模式:分层利用(HU)和同时利用(SU)。尽管经过了几十年的研究,细胞如何以及为什么采取这些不同的行为仍然知之甚少。最近的研究从多个角度解决了各种悬而未决的问题。从机械的角度来看,它被发现,通量传感器发挥了核心作用,在基板利用率的调节,占已知的依赖于单一基板的生长速率,基板浓度,和基板进入中央代谢的点。从生理学的角度来看,最近的几项研究表明,HU或SU作为生长优化策略,通过有效地分配必要的蛋白质组资源。然而,其他研究表明,蛋白质组的很大一部分是专门为功能显然不必要的增长,投下怀疑的解释基础上略有效率的提高。从生态学的角度来看,最近的理论研究表明,HU可以帮助增加细菌群落中的物种多样性。
Bacteria grown on a mixture of carbon substrates exhibit two utilization patterns: hierarchical utilization (HU) and simultaneous utilization (SU). How and why cells adopt these different behaviors remains poorly understood despite decades of research. Recent studies address various open questions from multiple viewpoints. From a mechanistic perspective, it was found that flux sensors play a central role in the regulation of substrate utilization, accounting for the known dependences on single-substrate growth rates, substrate concentrations, and the point where the substrate enters central metabolism. From a physiological perspective, several recent studies suggested HU or SU as growth-optimizing strategies through efficient allocation of essential proteome resources. However, other studies demonstrate that a significant fraction of the proteome is dedicated to functions apparently unnecessary for growth, casting doubt on explanations based on slight efficiency gains. From an ecological perspective, recent theoretical studies suggest that HU can help increase species diversity in bacterial communities.
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