Graded Arrays of Spinal and Supraspinal V2a Interneuron Subtypes Underlie Forelimb and Hindlimb Motor Control.

Graded Arrays of Spinal and Supraspinal V2a Interneuron Subtypes Underlie Forelimb and Hindlimb Motor Control.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.023
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发表时间:
2018-02-21
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Pfaff SL
Pfaff SL
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hayashi M;Hinckley CA;Driscoll SP;Moore NJ;Levine AJ;Hilde KL;Sharma K;Pfaff SL

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脊髓包含神经网络,使区域不同的运动输出沿着身体轴。尽管如此,仍然不清楚如何处理特定于节段的运动计算,因为控制运动神经元的主要中间神经元类别在脊髓的每个水平上都是一致的。V2 a中间神经元对前肢和后肢运动都是必不可少的,在这里,我们确定了发育过程中出现的两种主要类型:以高Chx 10为标志的I型神经元与邻近的脊髓神经元形成递归网络,而II型神经元下调Chx 10并投射到脊髓上结构。I型和II型V2 a中间神经元呈反梯度排列,该网络激活颈部和腰部水平不同模式的运动输出。单细胞RNA测序(RNA-seq)显示I型和II型V2 a神经元均由多种亚型组成。我们的研究结果揭示了V2 a中间神经元的分子和解剖学组织,让人想起运动神经元被分成列和池的有序方式。Hayashi等人揭示了一个顺序过程,该过程产生沿脊髓沿着以反梯度排列的V2 a中间神经元亚型。每个脊髓水平的V2 a网络的独特组成驱动控制前肢和后肢的运动神经元的不同活动。
The spinal cord contains neural networks that enable regionally distinct motor outputs along the body axis. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how segment-specific motor computations are processed because the cardinal interneuron classes that control motor neurons appear uniform at each level of the spinal cord. V2a interneurons are essential to both forelimb and hindlimb movements, and here we identify two major types that emerge during development: type I neurons marked by high Chx10 form recurrent networks with neighboring spinal neurons and type II neurons that downregulate Chx10 and project to supraspinal structures. Types I and II V2a interneurons are arrayed in counter-gradients, and this network activates different patterns of motor output at cervical and lumbar levels. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed type I and II V2a neurons are each comprised of multiple subtypes. Our findings uncover a molecular and anatomical organization of V2a interneurons reminiscent of the orderly way motor neurons are divided into columns and pools. Hayashi et al. unmask a sequential process that creates V2a interneuron subtypes arrayed in counter-gradients along the spinal cord. The unique composition of V2a networks at each spinal level drives distinct activity in motor neurons controlling the forelimb and hindlimb.
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