Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas.
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膳食 omega-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (ω-3 PUFA) 可以预防结直肠腺瘤的发展，肠道微生物群和微生物代谢物（特别是胆汁酸）在膳食脂肪代谢中很重要。我们的目的是在病例对照研究 (n = 435) 中通过 16s rRNA 测序和整体代谢组学 (子集 n = 50) 测量来评估 ω-3 PUFA、肠道微生物群和胆汁酸 (BA) 对结直肠腺瘤发生的影响。我们观察到，ω-3 PUFA 摄入量与结直肠腺瘤风险降低 11-55% 相关，并且这种关联会因肠道细菌均匀度水平而改变。我们还发现，在正常结肠粘膜组织中测量的三种特定肠道细菌和四种 BA 代谢物与结直肠腺瘤呈正相关。这些发现提供了重要的见解，并意味着改善 ω-3 PUFA 摄入量和/或改变肠道微生物环境可能成为预防结直肠癌的潜在风险降低策略。 Omega-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (ω-3 PUFA) 被认为可以预防结直肠腺瘤 (CRA) 的发展。我们旨在通过检查 ω-3 PUFA 与 CRA 上肠道微生物群之间的关系来进一步了解潜在机制。我们通过细菌 16S rRNA 测序评估了 217 名 CRA 病例和 218 名完成 PUFA 摄入问卷的对照者的粘膜微生物群。通过α-多样性测量（多样性、丰富度和均匀度）评估总体微生物组成。使用病例对照对的随机子集（n = 50）进行全局代谢组学。我们根据倍数变化（FC）比较了病例和对照之间的微生物群和代谢特征。通过 ω-3 PUFA 和微生物群与 CRA 关联的逻辑回归估计优势比 (OR) 和置信区间 (CI)。我们观察到 ω-3 PUFA 总体摄入量与 CRA 之间呈负相关，尤其是短链 ω -3 PUFA（OR = 0.45，95% CI：0.21，0.97）。这种反向关联被细菌均匀性所改变（p-相互作用 = 0.03）。胆汁酸相关代谢物水平较高（FC > 2）的参与者比对照组更有可能患有 CRA，胆汁酸与细菌多样性之间的相关性因病例对照状态而异。我们的研究结果表明，ω-3 PUFA 与 CRA 发育呈负相关，并且这种关联可能会通过肠道微生物群分布而改变。
Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) may protect against colorectal adenoma development, and the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites (particularly bile acids) are important in dietary fat metabolism. We aimed to evaluate the impacts of ω-3 PUFAs, gut microbiota, and bile acids (BAs) on colorectal adenoma occurrence in a case–control study (n = 435) with 16s rRNA sequencing and global metabolomics (subset n = 50) measurements. We observed that ω-3 PUFA intake was associated with an 11–55% risk reduction in developing colorectal adenoma, and the association was modified by the gut bacterial evenness level. We also found that three specific gut bacteria and four BAs metabolites that were measured in normal colonic mucosa tissue were positively associated with colorectal adenomas. These findings provide important insights and imply that the improvement of ω-3 PUFA intake and/or alterations in the gut microbial environment may become a potential risk reduction strategy for colorectal cancer prevention. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are thought to protect against colorectal adenoma (CRA) development. We aimed to further understand the underlying mechanisms by examining the relationships between ω-3 PUFAs and the gut microbiota on CRAs. We assessed the mucosal microbiota via bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing among 217 CRA cases and 218 controls who completed PUFA intake questionnaires. The overall microbial composition was assessed by α-diversity measurements (diversity, richness, and evenness). Global metabolomics was conducted using a random subset of case–control pairs (n = 50). We compared microbiota and metabolite signatures between cases and controls according to fold change (FC). Odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression for associations of ω-3 PUFAs and the microbiota with CRAs. We observed an inverse association between overall ω-3 PUFA intake and CRAs, especially for short-chain ω -3 PUFAs (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.97). Such inverse associations were modified by bacterial evenness (p-interaction = 0.03). Participants with higher levels (FC > 2) of bile acid-relevant metabolites were more likely to have CRAs than the controls, and the correlation between bile acids and bacterial diversity differed by case–control status. Our findings suggest that ω-3 PUFAs are inversely associated with CRA development, and the association may be modified by gut microbiota profiles.
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Goedert JJ;Gong Y;Hua X;Zhong H;He Y;Peng P;Yu G;Wang W;Ravel J;Shi J;Zheng Y
通讯作者：
Zheng Y
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Centuori, Sara M.;Martinez, Jesse D.
通讯作者：
Martinez, Jesse D.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Brown DG;Rao S;Weir TL;O'Malia J;Bazan M;Brown RJ;Ryan EP
通讯作者：
Ryan EP
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
de Kok, TMCM;Van Faassen, A;Kleinjans, JCS
通讯作者：
Kleinjans, JCS
影响因子：
15.5
作者：
Fadrosh DW;Ma B;Gajer P;Sengamalay N;Ott S;Brotman RM;Ravel J
通讯作者：
Ravel J