Reduced specificity of personal goals and explanations for goal attainment in major depression.
Reduced specificity of personal goals and explanations for goal attainment in major depression.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0064512
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moberly NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickson JM;Moberly NJ
过度概括已经在抑郁症的认知功能的许多领域进行了研究，包括对未来事件的想象。然而，目前尚不清楚这种现象是否延伸到个人目标的表达，这对于构建长期行为和提供生活意义至关重要。此外，还不清楚抑郁的个体是否对目标的实现提供了不太具体的解释。临床抑郁的个人和控制产生个人重要的方法和回避的目标，然后产生的解释，为什么他们会和不会实现这些目标。目标和因果解释随后被编码为具体或一般。与对照组相比，抑郁的人没有产生显着减少的目标或因果解释或反对目标的实现。然而，与对照组相比，抑郁症患者产生的具体目标较少，具体的解释方法（但不回避）的目标实现，和目标nonachievement的具体解释较少。我们的研究结果表明，抑郁症的动机缺陷可能部分源于个人目标表征和支持目标导向行为的相关认知的特异性降低。重要的是，这些发现有可能为抑郁症治疗中心理治疗方法的持续发展提供信息。
Overgeneralization has been investigated across many domains of cognitive functioning in major depression, including the imagination of future events. However, it is unknown whether this phenomenon extends to representations of personal goals, which are important in structuring long-term behaviour and providing meaning in life. Furthermore, it is not clear whether depressed individuals provide less specific explanations for and against goal attainment. Clinically depressed individuals and controls generated personally important approach and avoidance goals, and then generated explanations why they would and would not achieve these goals. Goals and causal explanations were subsequently coded as either specific or general. Compared to controls, depressed individuals did not generate significantly fewer goals or causal explanations for or against goal attainment. However, compared to controls, depressed individuals generated less specific goals, less specific explanations for approach (but not avoidance) goal attainment, and less specific explanations for goal nonattainment. Our results suggest that motivational deficits in depression may stem partly from a reduction in the specificity of personal goal representations and related cognitions that support goal-directed behaviour. Importantly, the findings have the potential to inform the ongoing development of psychotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of depression.
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