Nutritional assessment and counseling for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Nutritional assessment and counseling for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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心血管疾病预防和治疗的营养评估和咨询。

DOI:
--
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发表时间:
2006
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
F. Domino
F. Domino
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
B. Olendzki;C. Speed;F. Domino

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医生在向患者提供营养咨询方面面临着一些障碍,包括咨询益处的相互矛盾的证据,对该主题的有限培训和理解,以及不完善和不同的指南。由于心血管疾病仍然是工业化国家死亡的主要原因,家庭医生应该提供更多的药物干预。他们必须确定病人的饮食习惯和态度,并提供适当的咨询。工具是可以帮助的,七步法营养治疗血脂异常患者可能是有用的。这些步骤包括建议增加植物蛋白的摄入量;增加欧米茄-3脂肪酸的摄入量;改变食品制备中使用的油的类型;减少饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪酸的摄入量;增加全谷物和膳食纤维(特别是可溶性纤维)的摄入量减少精制谷物的摄入量;如果需要,调整酒精摄入量;以及定期锻炼。建议应附有患者信息讲义,介绍目前确定的有害食物选择的可接受替代品。
Physicians face several barriers to counseling their patients about nutrition, including conflicting evidence of the benefit of counseling, limited training and understanding of the topic, and imperfect and varied guidelines to follow. Because cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in industrialized nations, family physicians should provide more than pharmacologic interventions. They must identify the patient's dietary habits and attitudes and provide appropriate counseling. Tools are available to help, and a seven-step approach to nutritional therapy for the dyslipidemic patient may be useful. These steps include recommending increased intake of plant proteins; increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids; modification of the types of oils used in food preparation; decreased intake of saturated and trans-fatty acids; increased intake of whole grains and dietary fiber (especially soluble fiber) and decreased intake of refined grains; modification of alcohol intake, if needed; and regular exercise. Recommendations should be accompanied by patient information handouts presenting acceptable substitutions for currently identified detrimental food choices.
生活方式习惯的相似性对高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇家族聚集的影响:NHLBI 家庭心脏研究。
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发表时间: 1999
影响因子: 5
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1992
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影响因子: --
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DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/70.6.1001
发表时间: 1999-12
期刊: The American journal of clinical nutrition
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DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/76.6.1261
发表时间: 2002-12-01
影响因子: 7.1
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb06133.x
发表时间: 2009-04
期刊: Nutrition reviews
影响因子: 6.1
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