Changing levels of local crime and mental health: a natural experiment using self-reported and service use data in Scotland.
Changing levels of local crime and mental health: a natural experiment using self-reported and service use data in Scotland.
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DOI：
10.1136/jech-2020-213837
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Pearce J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baranyi G;Cherrie M;Curtis SE;Dibben C;Pearce J
这项研究提供了关于心理健康和当地犯罪率之间关系的有力证据，表明了改变对小区域犯罪的暴露与心理健康的自我报告和管理数据之间的关系。研究样本包括112至251名16-60岁的成年人，来自苏格兰纵向研究，在苏格兰人口普查中跟踪调查了5.3%的代表性样本。结果是个人精神健康指标：2011年人口普查的自我报告精神疾病，以及2010/2012年国家卫生服务初级保健提供者开出的抗抑郁药和抗精神病药物的相关管理数据。数据区级的犯罪率(500-1000人)与参与者的主要居住地相匹配，这是根据2004/2006、2007/2009和2010/12年度全科医生患者登记期限确定的。计算了平均邻里犯罪风险和地区犯罪变化。进行了协变量调整的Logistic回归分析，按搬家状态分层。除了跟进期间的平均犯罪暴露外，近期犯罪率的上升(2007/2009-2010/2012)与16-30岁的“暂住者”(OR=1.11；95%可信区间1.00至1.22)和31-45岁的“搬家”(OR=1.07；95%可信区间1.01至1.13)中自我报告的精神疾病的风险更高有关。处方药物强化了这些发现；犯罪率的恶化与年轻打工者的抗抑郁药物处方有关(OR=1.09；95%CI为1.04至1.14)，与年轻中年流动人口的抗精神病药物处方有关(OR=1.11；95%CI为1.01至1.23)。改变邻里犯罪暴露与个人心理健康有关，但这种联系因精神状况、年龄和流动状况而异。减少和预防犯罪，特别是在犯罪率上升的社区，可能有利于公众的心理健康。
This study contributes robust evidence on the association between mental health and local crime rates by showing how changing exposure to small area-level crime relates to self-reported and administrative data on mental health. The study sample comprised 112 251 adults aged 16–60 years, drawn from the Scottish Longitudinal Study, a 5.3% representative sample of Scottish population followed across censuses. Outcomes were individual mental health indicators: self-reported mental illness from the 2011 Census and linked administrative data on antidepressants and antipsychotics prescribed through primary care providers in the National Health Service in 2010/2012. Crime rates at data zone level (500–1000 persons) were matched to the participants’ main place of residence, as defined by general practitioner patient registration duration during 2004/2006, 2007/2009 and 2010/12. Average neighbourhood crime exposure and change in area crime were computed. Covariate-adjusted logistic regressions were conducted, stratified by moving status. In addition to average crime exposure during follow-up, recent increases in crime (2007/2009–2010/2012) were associated with a higher risk of self-reported mental illness, among ‘stayers’ aged 16–30 years (OR=1.11; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.22), and among ‘movers’ aged 31–45 years (OR=1.07; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.13). Prescribed medications reinforced these findings; worsening crime rates were linked with antidepressant prescriptions among young stayers (OR=1.09; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.14) and with antipsychotic prescriptions among younger middle-aged movers (OR=1.11; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.23). Changing neighbourhood crime exposure is related to individual mental health, but associations differ by psychiatric conditions, age and moving status. Crime reduction and prevention, especially in communities with rising crime rates, may benefit public mental health.
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影响因子：
105.7
作者：
MATTHEWS, JNS;ALTMAN, DG;ROYSTON, P
通讯作者：
ROYSTON, P
DOI：
10.1192/bjp.2019.193
发表时间：
2020-01
期刊：
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arthur A;Savva GM;Barnes LE;Borjian-Boroojeny A;Dening T;Jagger C;Matthews FE;Robinson L;Brayne C;Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies Collaboration
通讯作者：
Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies Collaboration
DOI：
10.1126/science.1224648
发表时间：
2012-09-21
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ludwig J;Duncan GJ;Gennetian LA;Katz LF;Kessler RC;Kling JR;Sanbonmatsu L
通讯作者：
Sanbonmatsu L
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bannister, Jon;Bates, Ellie;Kearns, Ade
通讯作者：
Kearns, Ade
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
DOHRENWEND, BP;LEVAV, I;STUEVE, A
通讯作者：
STUEVE, A