Neighborhood effects on the long-term well-being of low-income adults.
Neighborhood effects on the long-term well-being of low-income adults.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1224648
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发表时间：
2012-09-21
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sanbonmatsu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ludwig J;Duncan GJ;Gennetian LA;Katz LF;Kessler RC;Kling JR;Sanbonmatsu L
近900万美国人生活在极端贫困的社区，这些地方也往往存在种族隔离和危险。然而，搬出这些社区，搬到不那么贫困的地区，对居民福祉的影响仍然不确定。使用独特的随机住房流动性实验Moving to Opportunity的数据，我们发现，从高贫困社区搬到较低贫困社区会带来长期(10至15年)成年人身心健康和主观幸福感的改善，尽管不会影响经济自给自足。社区贫困每下降1个标准差(13个百分点)，主观幸福感就会增加相当于年收入相差1.3万美元的人之间的主观幸福感差距，考虑到对照组的平均收入为2万美元，这是一个很大的数字。与种族隔离相比，社区经济劣势的变化对主观幸福感的影响更大，这一点很重要，因为种族隔离自1970年以来一直在减少，但收入隔离一直在增加。
Nearly 9 million Americans live in extreme-poverty neighborhoods, places that also tend to be racially segregated and dangerous. Yet the effects on the well-being of residents of moving out of such communities into less-distressed areas remain uncertain. Using data from Moving to Opportunity, a unique randomized housing mobility experiment, we find that moving from a high-poverty to lower-poverty neighborhood leads to long-term (10 to 15 year) improvements in adult physical and mental health and subjective well-being, despite not affecting economic self-sufficiency. A 1 standard deviation decline in neighborhood poverty (13 percentage points) increases subjective well-being by an amount equal to the gap in subjective well-being between people whose annual incomes differ by $13,000, a large amount given that the average control group income is $20,000. Subjective well-being is more strongly affected by changes in neighborhood economic disadvantage than racial segregation, which is important because racial segregation has been declining since 1970 but income segregation has been increasing.
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影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Oreopoulos, P
通讯作者：
Oreopoulos, P
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Reardon, Sean F.;Bischoff, Kendra
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
6.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
Katz, Lawrence F.
DOI：
10.1086/589843
发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
AJS; American journal of sociology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sampson RJ
通讯作者：
Sampson RJ
影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Kahneman, D;Krueger, AB
通讯作者：
Krueger, AB