Two modes of targeting transposable elements by piRNA pathway in human testis.

Two modes of targeting transposable elements by piRNA pathway in human testis.
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DOI:
10.1261/rna.060939.117
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
RNA (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Azhikina T
Azhikina T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gainetdinov I;Skvortsova Y;Kondratieva S;Funikov S;Azhikina T

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已知PIWI蛋白及其伴侣小rna(称为pirna)在种系中控制转座因子(te)。在这里,我们提供的证据表明,在人类中,这种控制以两种不同的模式施加。一方面,专门针对进化上最年轻的TEs (L1HS, L1PA2-L1PA6, LTR12C, SVA)的piRNA的产生在精子发生的产前和产后阶段都存在,并且没有piRNA集群参与。另一方面,在出生后阶段,粗线素簇衍生的piRNA靶向“较老”的te,从而补充了不依赖于簇的piRNA的产生,以实现几乎所有在出生后睾丸中表达的te的相关靶向。我们还发现,反义取向基因的聚合转录有助于出生后基因前卵磷脂簇的起源。最后,虽然一部分粗线素piRNA先前被证明是由长基因间非编码rna (lincrna,即粗线素piRNA簇初级转录本)产生的,但我们确定这些是一组特定的lincrna,它们既具有独特的表观遗传特征,又只在睾丸中表达。
PIWI proteins and their partner small RNAs, termed piRNAs, are known to control transposable elements (TEs) in the germline. Here, we provide evidence that in humans this control is exerted in two different modes. On the one hand, production of piRNAs specifically targeting evolutionarily youngest TEs (L1HS, L1PA2-L1PA6, LTR12C, SVA) is present both at prenatal and postnatal stages of spermatogenesis and is performed without involvement of piRNA clusters. On the other hand, at postnatal stages, piRNAs deriving from pachytene clusters target “older” TEs and thus complement cluster-independent piRNA production to achieve relevant targeting of virtually all TEs expressed in postnatal testis. We also find that converging transcription of antisense-oriented genes contributes to the origin of genic postnatal prepachytene clusters. Finally, while a fraction of pachytene piRNAs was previously shown to arise from long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs, i.e., pachytene piRNA cluster primary transcripts), we ascertain that these are a specific set of lincRNAs that both possess distinguishing epigenetic features and are expressed exclusively in testis.
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