The role of mask mandates, stay at home orders and school closure in curbing the COVID-19 pandemic prior to vaccination.
The role of mask mandates, stay at home orders and school closure in curbing the COVID-19 pandemic prior to vaccination.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajic.2021.02.002
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Santella AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krishnamachari B;Morris A;Zastrow D;Dsida A;Harper B;Santella AJ
COVID-19已在全球迅速蔓延，有必要评估有效的遏制方法。本研究的目的是检查政府强制学校关闭、居家命令和口罩要求的影响，直至该国首次接种疫苗之日，每隔14天计算累积发病率。在调查调整若干社会人口和医学因素的影响时，使用负二项回归计算了比率。更快地执行口罩规定一贯显示出保护作用。在3至6个月内实施口罩强制令的州的比率比在1个月内实施的州高1.61倍（调整后的比率 = 1.61,95%置信区间：1.23-2.10,P = .001）。6个月后制定口罩强制令或未实施强制令的国家的发病率是1个月内实施强制令的国家的2.16倍（调整后的发病率比 = 2.16,95%置信区间：1.64-2.88,P < 0.0001）。相比之下，居家隔离令和学校停课对疾病轨迹没有显著影响。屏蔽指令的好处是显而易见的，尤其是在一个月内发布指令的情况下。学校停课和居家令的影响还不太清楚。我们的研究结果表明，在政府实施的不同身体距离措施中，戴口罩是最重要的。
COVID-19 has quickly spread throughout the world, necessitating assessment of effective containment methods. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of government mandated school closures, stay at home orders and mask requirements Cumulative incidence rates were calculated at 14-day intervals until the day of the first vaccine administration in the country. Rate ratios were calculated using negative binomial regression while investigating the effects of adjusting for several sociodemographic and medical factors Faster implementation of mask mandates was consistently shown to be protective. States with mask mandates made at three to six months had a 1.61 times higher rate than those who implemented within one month (adjusted rate ratio = 1.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.23-2.10, P = .001). States with mask mandates made after 6 months or with no mandate had a 2.16 times higher rate than those who implemented within 1 month (adjusted rate ratio = 2.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.64-2.88, P < .0001). In contrast, both stay at home orders and school closures had no significant influence on disease trajectory. The benefits of mask mandates are apparent, especially when mandates were issued within a month. The impact of school closing and stay at home orders were less clear. Our results suggest that of the different physical distancing measures implemented by the government, mask mandates are the most important.
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Fauver, Joseph R.;Petrone, Mary E.;Grubaugh, Nathan D.
通讯作者：
Grubaugh, Nathan D.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Kaufman BG;Whitaker R;Mahendraratnam N;Smith VA;McClellan MB
通讯作者：
McClellan MB
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Chernozhukov V;Kasahara H;Schrimpf P
通讯作者：
Schrimpf P
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6918e2
发表时间：
2020-05-08
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Schuchat A;CDC COVID-19 Response Team
通讯作者：
CDC COVID-19 Response Team
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6949e2
发表时间：
2020-12-11
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Honein MA;Christie A;Rose DA;Brooks JT;Meaney-Delman D;Cohn A;Sauber-Schatz EK;Walker A;McDonald LC;Liburd LC;Hall JE;Fry AM;Hall AJ;Gupta N;Kuhnert WL;Yoon PW;Gundlapalli AV;Beach MJ;Walke HT;CDC COVID-19 Response Team
通讯作者：
CDC COVID-19 Response Team