Age differences in the effects of conscious and unconscious thought in decision making.
Age differences in the effects of conscious and unconscious thought in decision making.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0018856
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hess, Thomas M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Queen, Tara L.;Hess, Thomas M.
研究人员调查了无意识思维和有意识思维在决策中的作用，以检验(a)与每种思维的有效性相关的边界条件，以及(b)直觉思维与审慎思维的年龄差异。参与者被要求完成两项决策任务，一项需要积极思考，另一项需要直觉处理。然后，年轻人和老年人在做出决定之前进行有意识或无意识的思维处理。一项操纵检查显示，年轻人对决策材料的表述比老年人更准确，当考虑到整个样本时，这在很大程度上解释了与年龄相关的表现差异。当只考虑准确的参与者时，当信息的性质和思维条件之间存在一致性时，决策是最好的。因此，当决策依赖于直觉而不是深思熟虑时，无意识思维更合适，而有意识思维则相反。尽管老年人的慎重处理效率有所下降，但他们在直觉层面处理信息的能力相对保留。此外，年轻人和老年人都表现出选择支持记忆。
The roles of unconscious and conscious thought in decision making were investigated to examine both (a) boundary conditions associated with the efficacy of each type of thought and (b) age differences in intuitive versus deliberative thought. Participants were presented with two decision tasks, one requiring active deliberation and the other intuitive processing. Younger and older adults then engaged in conscious or unconscious thought processing before making a decision. A manipulation check revealed that younger adults were more accurate in their representations of the decision material than older adults, which accounted for much of the age-related variation in performance when the full sample was considered. When only considering accurate participants, decision making was best when there was congruence between the nature of the information and the thought condition. Thus, unconscious thought was more appropriate when the decision relied on intuitive rather than deliberative processing, whereas the converse was true with conscious thought. Although older adults displayed somewhat less efficient deliberative processing, their ability to process information at the intuitive level was relatively preserved. Additionally, both young and older adults displayed choice-supportive memory.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Hess, TM;Germain, CM;Hodges, EA
通讯作者：
Hodges, EA
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Dijksterhuis, A
通讯作者：
Dijksterhuis, A
影响因子：
12.6
作者：
Dijksterhuis, Ap;Nordgren, Loran F.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Simonson, I
通讯作者：
Simonson, I
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Tentori, K;Osherson, D;May, C
通讯作者：
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