On the intrinsic constraint of bacterial growth rate: M. tuberculosis’s view of the protein translation capacity

On the intrinsic constraint of bacterial growth rate: M. tuberculosis’s view of the protein translation capacity
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关于细菌生长速率的内在限制:结核分枝杆菌对蛋白质翻译能力的看法

DOI:
10.1080/1040841x.2018.1425672
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发表时间:
2018-01
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Xiongfeng Dai
Xiongfeng Dai
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Manlu Zhu;Xiongfeng Dai

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摘要在自然界中,不同细菌的最大生长速率差异很大。快速生长的细菌物种,如大肠杆菌,最短的世代时间为20分钟。生长缓慢的细菌物种可能最为人所知的是结核分枝杆菌,这是一种人类病原体,世代时间不少于16小时。尽管对M.结核病,我们对它令人好奇的缓慢生长的起源知之甚少。从全局来看,细菌最大生长速率的内在约束仍然是微生物学中的一个基本问题。本文从细胞生长的主要需求--蛋白质翻译能力的角度对这一问题进行了分析和讨论。在定量分析的基础上,我们提出了四个参数:rRNA链延伸率,参与rRNA合成的RNA聚合酶的丰度,多肽链延伸率和活性核糖体分数,这可能限制细菌的最大生长速率。我们进一步讨论了这些参数与M增长率的关系。结核病以及其他细菌种类。我们强调未来对不同细菌物种的这些参数进行全面调查,以了解细菌如何设定自己的特定生长速率。
Abstract In nature, the maximal growth rates vary widely among different bacteria species. Fast-growing bacteria species such as Escherichia coli can have a shortest generation time of 20 min. Slow-growing bacteria species are perhaps best known for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a human pathogen with a generation time being no less than 16 h. Despite of the significant progress made on understanding the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis, we know little on the origin of its intriguingly slow growth. From a global view, the intrinsic constraint of the maximal growth rate of bacteria remains to be a fundamental question in microbiology. In this review, we analyze and discuss this issue from the angle of protein translation capacity, which is the major demand for cell growth. Based on quantitative analysis, we propose four parameters: rRNA chain elongation rate, abundance of RNA polymerase engaged in rRNA synthesis, polypeptide chain elongation rate, and active ribosome fraction, which potentially limit the maximal growth rate of bacteria. We further discuss the relation of these parameters with the growth rate for M. tuberculosis as well as other bacterial species. We highlight future comprehensive investigation of these parameters for different bacteria species to understand how bacteria set their own specific growth rates.
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