Exploiting rRNA operon copy number to investigate bacterial reproductive strategies.

Exploiting rRNA operon copy number to investigate bacterial reproductive strategies.
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DOI:
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.160
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发表时间:
2016-09-12
影响因子:
28.3
通讯作者:
Schmidt, Thomas M.
Schmidt, Thomas M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roller, Benjamin R. K.;Stoddard, Steven F.;Schmidt, Thomas M.

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快速繁殖的潜力是微生物生命的标志,但自然界中的微生物也必须在生长受到资源可用性限制时生存和竞争。成功的繁殖需要不同的策略时,资源是稀缺的,当他们是丰富的,但在细菌中预测这些生殖策略的系统框架还没有。在这里,我们表明,细菌基因组中的核糖体RNA操纵子(rrn)的数量预测繁殖的两个重要组成部分-生长速度和生长效率-这是有利的资源可用性的对比制度。我们发现细菌的最大繁殖率随着rrn拷贝数的加倍而加倍,而碳的利用效率与最大生长率和rrn拷贝数呈负相关。我们还确定了一个可行的解释,这些模式:蛋白质合成的速率和产量反映了最大生长速率和生长效率的整体模式。此外,对1,167种细菌基因组的比较分析显示,rrn拷贝数可以预测与资源可用性相关的性状,包括趋化性和基因组精简。全基因组模式的orthopathic基因内容与rrn拷贝数共变,表明趋同进化资源的可用性。我们的研究结果表明,基本的细胞过程以相反的方式适应资源可用性的长期差异。他们还建立了一个基础,预测细菌群落组成的变化,以响应资源扰动使用rrn拷贝数测量或推断。
The potential for rapid reproduction is a hallmark of microbial life, but microbes in nature must also survive and compete when growth is constrained by resource availability. Successful reproduction requires different strategies when resources are scarce compared to when they are abundant, but a systematic framework for predicting these reproductive strategies in bacteria has not been available. Here we show that the number of ribosomal RNA operons (rrn) in bacterial genomes predicts two important components of reproduction – growth rate and growth efficiency – which are favored under contrasting regimes of resource availability. We find that the maximum reproductive rate of bacteria doubles with a doubling of rrn copy number, while the efficiency of carbon use is inversely related to maximal growth rate and rrn copy number. We also identify a feasible explanation for these patterns: the rate and yield of protein synthesis mirror the overall pattern in maximum growth rate and growth efficiency. Furthermore, comparative analysis of genomes from 1,167 bacterial species reveals that rrn copy number predicts traits associated with resource availability, including chemotaxis and genome streamlining. Genome-wide patterns of orthologous gene content covary with rrn copy number, suggesting convergent evolution in response to resource availability. Our findings indicate that basic cellular processes adapt in contrasting ways to long-term differences in resource availability. They also establish a basis for predicting changes in bacterial community composition in response to resource perturbations using rrn copy number measurements or inferences.
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