Relationship between Exercise Capacity and Brain Size in Mammals
Relationship between Exercise Capacity and Brain Size in Mammals
复制标题
哺乳动物运动能力与大脑大小之间的关系
作者：
D. Raichlen;A. Gordon
大量的实验研究支持哺乳动物的运动、认知、神经发生和神经保护之间的强关联。这项工作的大部分都集中在有限数量的物种中的个体受试者的神经发生。然而，迄今为止还没有研究在广泛的哺乳动物类群中研究运动和神经生物学之间的关系。运动和神经生物学在进化过程中可能是相关的。为了验证这一假设，这项研究考察了各种哺乳动物的运动和大脑大小之间的关系。方法/主要发现控制与身体大小的关联，我们检查了大脑大小与运动频率和能力，最大代谢率（MMR; ml O2 min−1）的代理之间的相关性。我们从文献中收集了大脑大小和MMR，并计算了描述体重与每个感兴趣变量之间关系的最小二乘回归线的残差。然后，我们使用系统发育独立的对比分析了控制胚胎发育前后残留脑大小和残留MMR之间的相关性。我们发现了一个显着的正相关性之间的最大代谢率和大脑的大小在广泛的类群。结论这些结果提出了一个新的假设，在各种各样的哺乳动物物种的运动行为的进化大脑的大小。最后，我们认为，非人类哺乳动物的大脑大小的一部分可能是随着运动能力的增加而进化的，而不仅仅是对与认知能力相关的选择的反应。
Background A great deal of experimental research supports strong associations between exercise, cognition, neurogenesis and neuroprotection in mammals. Much of this work has focused on neurogenesis in individual subjects in a limited number of species. However, no study to date has examined the relationship between exercise and neurobiology across a wide range of mammalian taxa. It is possible that exercise and neurobiology are related across evolutionary time. To test this hypothesis, this study examines the association between exercise and brain size across a wide range of mammals. Methodology/Principal Findings Controlling for associations with body size, we examined the correlation between brain size and a proxy for exercise frequency and capacity, maximum metabolic rate (MMR; ml O2 min−1). We collected brain sizes and MMRs from the literature and calculated residuals from the least-squares regression line describing the relationship between body mass and each variable of interest. We then analyzed the correlation between residual brain size and residual MMR both before and after controlling for phylogeny using phylogenetic independent contrasts. We found a significant positive correlation between maximum metabolic rate and brain size across a wide range of taxa. Conclusions These results suggest a novel hypothesis that links brain size to the evolution of locomotor behaviors in a wide variety of mammalian species. In the end, we suggest that some portion of brain size in nonhuman mammals may have evolved in conjunction with increases in exercise capacity rather than solely in response to selection related to cognitive abilities.
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DOI：
10.1016/0165-3806(96)00492-0
发表时间：
1996-08
期刊：
Brain research. Developmental brain research
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Ye;Y. Xing;Z. Dai;A. D'ercole
通讯作者：
P. Ye;Y. Xing;Z. Dai;A. D'ercole
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Witelson, SF;Beresh, H;Kigar, DL
通讯作者：
Kigar, DL
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.2001.281.3.h1163
发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Amaral, SL;Papanek, PE;Greene, AS
通讯作者：
Greene, AS
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Tang, K;Breen, EC;Wagner, PD
通讯作者：
Wagner, PD
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Rhodes, JS;van Praag, H;Gage, FH
通讯作者：
Gage, FH