To Create a Safe and Healthy Place for Children: The Associations of Green Open Space Characteristics With Children's Use.
To Create a Safe and Healthy Place for Children: The Associations of Green Open Space Characteristics With Children's Use.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2021.813976
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Tan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma M;Adeney M;Chen W;Deng D;Tan S
绿色开放空间（GOS）是儿童福祉的重要户外资源，可提供体育活动（PA）场所，尤其是在高度城市化的环境中。由于进入公共场所的机会减少，COVID-19 封锁导致儿童久坐的时间比以前更多。本文旨在研究 GOS 特征（环境和周边）与儿童使用（探访和 PA 模式）之间的关联，为在大流行期间推广 PA 提供证据。本研究采用GPS定位器、加速度计和调查的方法来测量儿童对GOS的实际使用情况。共有 179 名儿童参与了这项研究，并选出了 10 名 GOS。为孩子们提供了加速计和 GPS 定位器来跟踪他们的行走步数、持续时间和位置。作为扩展研究区域，对选定GOS的环境特征和1公里缓冲区进行了探索。结果显示，49.16%的儿童报告探视次数比疫情前有所增加，其中48.60%的儿童在疫情期间更愿意在工作日去。环境和周围特征都会影响访问模式。规模 (p < 0.000)、居住率 (p < 0.000) 和交叉口密度 (p < 0.000) 被发现是与访问模式显着相关的因素。儿童的PA模式主要与尺寸（p < 0.000）、运动和游乐场比例（p < 0.000）等环境特征相关。儿童公共广播的地点主要集中在广场、游乐场、避难场所、水边等区域。 COVID-19 改变了孩子们对 GOS 的使用以及他们与 GOS 的关系。大型 GOS 更有可能促进儿童 PA 及其使用。 GOS的环境和周围特征会影响其使用模式，而其PA模式主要与环境特征相关。研究结果表明，GOS 的特征可能是应对大流行挑战、促进访问和公共活动的有效解决方案。
Green open space (GOS) is an important outdoor resource for the well-being of children by providing places for physical activity (PA), especially in the highly urbanized environment. The COVID-19 lockdowns have made children have more sedentary time than before due to less access to public places. This article aims to examine the associations of GOS characteristics (environmental and surrounding) and children's use (visitation and PA pattern) to provide evidence for promoting their PA during the pandemic. This study employed the method of GPS positioner, accelerometer, and survey to measure the children's actual use in GOS. A total of 179 children participated in the study and 10 GOSs were selected. The children were provided with the accelerometers and GPS positioners to track their walking steps, duration, and locations. The environmental characteristics and 1 km buffer of the selected GOSs were explored as extended study area. Results showed that 49.16% of children reported more visitations than before the pandemic, and 48.60% of them preferred to go on weekdays during the pandemic. Both environmental and surrounding characteristics could affect the visitation pattern. The size (p < 0.000), residential ratio (p < 0.000), and intersection density (p < 0.000) were found as the factors significantly associated with visitation pattern. The children's PA pattern was mainly associated with the environmental characteristics of size (p < 0.000), sports, and playground proportion (p < 0.000). The locations of children's PA were mainly around square, playground, sheltered place, and waterside areas. COVID-19 has transformed the children's use of GOS, as well as their relationship with GOS. The large GOS was more likely to promote PA and its use by the children. The environmental and surrounding characteristics of GOS could affect their use pattern, whereas their PA pattern was mainly associated with the environmental characteristics. The findings suggest that GOS characteristics could be an effective solution to respond the challenge from the pandemic, and promote their visitation and PA.
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