Direct analysis of ribosome targeting illuminates thousand-fold regulation of translation initiation.

Direct analysis of ribosome targeting illuminates thousand-fold regulation of translation initiation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cels.2021.12.002
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发表时间:
2022-03-16
期刊:
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Gilbert WV
Gilbert WV
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Niederer RO;Rojas-Duran MF;Zinshteyn B;Gilbert WV

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Translational control shapes the proteome in normal and pathophysiological conditions. Current high-throughput approaches reveal large differences in mRNA-specific translation activity but cannot identify the causative mRNA features. We developed direct analysis of ribosome targeting (DART) and used it to dissect regulatory elements within 5′ untranslated regions that confer thousand-fold differences in ribosome recruitment in biochemically accessible cell lysates. Using DART, we determined a functional role for most alternative 5′ UTR isoforms expressed in yeast, revealed a general mode of increased translation via direct binding to a core translation factor, and identified numerous translational control elements including C-rich silencers that are sufficient to repress translation both in vitro and in vivo. DART enables systematic assessment of the translational regulatory potential of 5′ UTR variants, whether native or disease-associated, and will facilitate engineering of mRNAs for optimized protein production in various systems. Niederer et al. develop a method to quantify translation initiation on thousands of 5′ UTRs in parallel. They uncover sequence-specific motifs that control translation by varied mechanisms and establish a platform for systematic interrogation of 5′ UTR variants that can be used to engineer mRNAs for optimized protein output.
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