NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing.
NAD(+) metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing.
复制标题
NAD(+)代谢及其在衰老过程中的作用。
DOI：
10.1038/s41580-020-00313-x
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Verdin E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Covarrubias AJ;Perrone R;Grozio A;Verdin E
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD+）是氧化还原反应的辅酶，使其成为能量代谢的中心。NAD+也是非氧化还原NAD+依赖性酶的必需辅因子，包括sirtuins、CD 38和聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶。NAD+可以直接和间接影响许多关键的细胞功能，包括代谢途径，DNA修复，染色质重塑，细胞衰老和免疫细胞功能。这些细胞过程和功能对于维持组织和代谢稳态以及健康老龄化至关重要。值得注意的是，衰老伴随着包括啮齿动物和人类在内的多种模式生物的组织和细胞NAD+水平的逐渐下降。NAD+水平的这种下降与许多与衰老相关的疾病有因果关系，包括认知能力下降、癌症、代谢疾病、肌肉减少症和虚弱。许多与衰老相关的疾病可以通过恢复NAD+水平来减缓甚至逆转。因此，靶向NAD+代谢已成为改善衰老相关疾病、延长人类健康寿命和寿命的潜在治疗方法。然而，关于NAD+如何影响人类健康和衰老生物学，还有很多东西有待了解。这包括更深入地了解调节NAD+水平的分子机制，如何在衰老过程中有效地恢复NAD+水平，这样做是否安全以及NAD+补充是否会对衰老的人类产生有益的影响。
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for redox reactions, making it central to energy metabolism. NAD+ is also an essential cofactor for non-redox NAD+-dependent enzymes, including sirtuins, CD38 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. NAD+ can directly and indirectly influence many key cellular functions, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodelling, cellular senescence and immune cell function. These cellular processes and functions are critical for maintaining tissue and metabolic homeostasis and for healthy ageing. Remarkably, ageing is accompanied by a gradual decline in tissue and cellular NAD+ levels in multiple model organisms, including rodents and humans. This decline in NAD+ levels is linked causally to numerous ageing-associated diseases, including cognitive decline, cancer, metabolic disease, sarcopenia and frailty. Many of these ageing-associated diseases can be slowed down and even reversed by restoring NAD+ levels. Therefore, targeting NAD+ metabolism has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to ameliorate ageing-related disease, and extend the human healthspan and lifespan. However, much remains to be learnt about how NAD+ influences human health and ageing biology. This includes a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate NAD+ levels, how to effectively restore NAD+ levels during ageing, whether doing so is safe and whether NAD+ repletion will have beneficial effects in ageing humans.
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影响因子：
29
作者：
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影响因子：
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