Modeling zero inflation is not necessary for spatial transcriptomics.

Modeling zero inflation is not necessary for spatial transcriptomics.
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DOI:
10.1186/s13059-022-02684-0
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发表时间:
2022-05-18
期刊:
影响因子:
12.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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空间转录组学是一组利用空间定位信息来分析组织上基因表达的新技术。随着技术的进步,最近的空间转录组学数据通常采用稀疏计数的形式,并带有大量零值。我们对通过 11 种不同技术收集的 20 个空间转录组数据集进行了全面分析,以表征表达计数数据的分布特性并了解零值的统计性质。在整个数据集中,我们表明很大一部分基因显示出过度分散和/或零膨胀,这是泊松模型无法解释的,显示过度分散的基因与显示零膨胀的基因基本上重叠。此外,我们发现泊松或负二项式模型足以对大多数空间转录组学技术中的大多数基因进行建模。我们进一步展示了空间转录组学中过度分散和零膨胀的主要来源,包括跨组织位置的基因表达异质性和细胞类型的空间分布。特别是,当我们关注一组相对均质的组织位置或细胞类型组成的控制时,检测到的过度分散和/或零膨胀基因的数量大大减少,并且简单的泊松模型通常足以拟合那里的基因表达数据。我们的研究提供了第一个全面的证据,证明空间转录组学中过多的零不是由零膨胀引起的,支持使用没有零膨胀分量的计数模型来建模空间转录组学。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s13059-022-02684-0 获取的补充材料。
Spatial transcriptomics are a set of new technologies that profile gene expression on tissues with spatial localization information. With technological advances, recent spatial transcriptomics data are often in the form of sparse counts with an excessive amount of zero values. We perform a comprehensive analysis on 20 spatial transcriptomics datasets collected from 11 distinct technologies to characterize the distributional properties of the expression count data and understand the statistical nature of the zero values. Across datasets, we show that a substantial fraction of genes displays overdispersion and/or zero inflation that cannot be accounted for by a Poisson model, with genes displaying overdispersion substantially overlapped with genes displaying zero inflation. In addition, we find that either the Poisson or the negative binomial model is sufficient for modeling the majority of genes across most spatial transcriptomics technologies. We further show major sources of overdispersion and zero inflation in spatial transcriptomics including gene expression heterogeneity across tissue locations and spatial distribution of cell types. In particular, when we focus on a relatively homogeneous set of tissue locations or control for cell type compositions, the number of detected overdispersed and/or zero-inflated genes is substantially reduced, and a simple Poisson model is often sufficient to fit the gene expression data there. Our study provides the first comprehensive evidence that excessive zeros in spatial transcriptomics are not due to zero inflation, supporting the use of count models without a zero inflation component for modeling spatial transcriptomics. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02684-0.
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