Ecological restoration success is higher for natural regeneration than for active restoration in tropical forests.
Ecological restoration success is higher for natural regeneration than for active restoration in tropical forests.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1701345
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Strassburg BBN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crouzeilles R;Ferreira MS;Chazdon RL;Lindenmayer DB;Sansevero JBB;Monteiro L;Iribarrem A;Latawiec AE;Strassburg BBN
天然林恢复是热带森林在一定条件下替代植树造林的一种有效的生态替代方式。与热带森林的自然再生相比，积极恢复是否是实现生态恢复成功（恢复到参考条件，即原始森林）的最佳办法？我们对133项研究的荟萃分析表明，对于所有三个生物多样性群体（植物、鸟类和无脊椎动物）和五项植被结构指标（覆盖、密度、枯枝落叶层、生物量）来说，自然再生在实现热带森林恢复成功方面优于主动恢复。和高度）。生物多样性和植被结构的恢复成功率分别为34%至56%和19%至56%，高于在主动恢复系统，控制后的关键生物和非生物因素（森林覆盖，降水，恢复开始以来的时间，和过去的干扰）。生物多样性的反应主要是基于丰富度和物种丰富度的生态指标（74%），这两个需要更少的时间来实现恢复成功比相似性和组成。这一发现挑战了人们普遍持有的观念，即天然林更新具有有限的保护价值，积极恢复应该是默认的生态恢复策略。主动恢复实现更大的恢复成功比自然更新的命题可能已经出现，因为以前的比较缺乏生物和非生物因素的控制，我们也没有发现任何差异主动恢复和自然更新的植被结构的结果时，我们没有控制这些因素。未来的政策优先事项应使已确定的生物物理和生态条件的模式相一致，使每一种或两种恢复方法都更成功，更具成本效益，并与热带森林恢复的社会经济激励措施相一致。
Natural forest recovery is an effective ecological alternative to tree planting in tropical forests under certain conditions. Is active restoration the best approach to achieve ecological restoration success (the return to a reference condition, that is, old-growth forest) when compared to natural regeneration in tropical forests? Our meta-analysis of 133 studies demonstrated that natural regeneration surpasses active restoration in achieving tropical forest restoration success for all three biodiversity groups (plants, birds, and invertebrates) and five measures of vegetation structure (cover, density, litter, biomass, and height) tested. Restoration success for biodiversity and vegetation structure was 34 to 56% and 19 to 56% higher in natural regeneration than in active restoration systems, respectively, after controlling for key biotic and abiotic factors (forest cover, precipitation, time elapsed since restoration started, and past disturbance). Biodiversity responses were based primarily on ecological metrics of abundance and species richness (74%), both of which take far less time to achieve restoration success than similarity and composition. This finding challenges the widely held notion that natural forest regeneration has limited conservation value and that active restoration should be the default ecological restoration strategy. The proposition that active restoration achieves greater restoration success than natural regeneration may have arisen because previous comparisons lacked controls for biotic and abiotic factors; we also did not find any difference between active restoration and natural regeneration outcomes for vegetation structure when we did not control for these factors. Future policy priorities should align the identified patterns of biophysical and ecological conditions where each or both restoration approaches are more successful, cost-effective, and compatible with socioeconomic incentives for tropical forest restoration.
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