The Occipital Place Area Is Causally Involved in Representing Environmental Boundaries during Navigation.
The Occipital Place Area Is Causally Involved in Representing Environmental Boundaries during Navigation.
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枕叶区域在导航过程中代表环境边界有因果关系。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2016.02.066
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发表时间：
2016-04-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Epstein RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Julian JB;Ryan J;Hamilton RH;Epstein RA
三十年的研究表明，环境边界--例如，实验舱或房间的墙壁--对导航行为产生了强大的影响，通常会排除其他线索。与这一行为工作相一致的是，大脑结构中实例化空间记忆的神经元经常表现出强烈受环境边界控制的激发电场。然而，尽管环境边界对空间编码的重要性显而易见，但还没有确定一个大脑区域来调节对边界信息的感知。我们假设，枕骨处区域(OPA)是位于枕横沟附近的一个场景选择区域，它可能通过从导航时的视觉场景中提取边界信息来提供这种知觉来源。为了验证这一想法，我们使用经颅磁刺激(TMS)来中断OPA中的处理，同时受试者执行虚拟现实记忆任务，要求他们学习测试对象的空间位置，这些测试对象要么是相对于环境边界固定的位置，要么是与地标对象同步移动的。与我们的预测一致，我们发现右侧OPA的TMS损害了边界拴住的物体的空间记忆，但不损害地标拴住的物体的空间记忆。此外，当边界由墙定义时，这种效果被发现，但当它由地面上的标记定义时，这种效果不被发现。这些结果表明，OPA与基于边界的空间导航有因果关系，表明OPA是控制导航行为的边界信息的知觉来源。Julian et al.使用经颅磁刺激来确定枕骨部位面积(OPA)在感知环境边界中的因果作用。OPA的刺激损害了对记忆位置的导航--但只有当这些位置是参照环境边界而不是地标或非边界特征来定义时才会如此。
Thirty years of research suggests that environmental boundaries—e.g., the walls of an experimental chamber or room—exert powerful influence on navigational behavior, often to the exclusion of other cues. Consistent with this behavioral work, neurons in brain structures that instantiate spatial memory often exhibit firing fields that are strongly controlled by environmental boundaries. Despite the clear importance of environmental boundaries for spatial coding, however, a brain region that mediates the perception of boundary information has not yet been identified. We hypothesized that the occipital place area (OPA), a scene-selective region located near the transverse occipital sulcus, might provide this perceptual source by extracting boundary information from visual scenes during navigation. To test this idea, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to interrupt processing in the OPA while subjects performed a virtual-reality memory task that required them to learn the spatial locations of test objects that were either fixed in place relative to the boundary of the environment or moved in tandem with a landmark object. Consistent with our prediction, we found that TMS to the right OPA impaired spatial memory for boundary-tethered, but not landmark-tethered, objects. Moreover, this effect was found when the boundary was defined by a wall, but not when it was defined by a marking on the ground. These results show that the OPA is causally involved in boundary-based spatial navigation and suggest that the OPA is the perceptual source of the boundary information that controls navigational behavior. Julian et al. use transcranial magnetic stimulation to establish a causal role for the occipital place area (OPA) in the perception of environmental boundaries. Stimulation of the OPA impairs navigation to remembered locations–but only when these locations are defined by reference to environmental boundaries, not landmarks or non-boundary features.
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DOI：
10.1080/02724990244000214
发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION B-COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hayward, A;McGregor, A;Pearce, JM
通讯作者：
Pearce, JM
影响因子：
19.9
作者：
Epstein, Russell A.
通讯作者：
Epstein, Russell A.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Baldassano, Christopher;Beck, Diane M.;Fei-Fei, Li
通讯作者：
Fei-Fei, Li
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Epstein, R;Kanwisher, N
通讯作者：
Kanwisher, N
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Bird, Chris M.;Capponi, Corinne;Burgess, Neil
通讯作者：
Burgess, Neil