Built environment, adiposity, and physical activity in adults aged 50-75.
Built environment, adiposity, and physical activity in adults aged 50-75.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2008.03.021
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发表时间：
2008-07
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Moore, Jane M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Fuzhong;Harmer, Peter A.;Cardinal, Bradley J.;Bosworth, Mark;Acock, Alan;Johnson-Shelton, Deborah;Moore, Jane M.
很少有研究调查了建筑环境及其与健康的关系，尤其是在婴儿潮前/婴儿潮早期的几代人身上，尤其是过度肥胖和体育活动，这些人很快就会成为美国的主要人口。本研究的目的是检验这种关系。本研究采用横截面、多层设计，以社区为主要抽样单位（PSU）。从俄勒冈州波特兰市的120个社区招募居民（N=1221，年龄50-75岁）。PSU层面的自变量包括地理信息系统衍生的土地利用组合、快餐店分布、街道连通性、公共交通的可及性以及绿色和开放空间等指标。因变量包括居民水平的过度肥胖（BMI≥25）、三次步行活动和身体活动。数据于2006-2007年收集，并于2007年进行分析。土地利用组合每增加一个单位（即10%），超重/肥胖患病率就会降低25%。然而，快餐店的密度每增加1个标准差，超重/肥胖的比例就会增加7%。较高的混合用途土地与所有三种类型的步行活动和满足身体活动建议呈正相关。具有高街道连通性、高密度公共交通站点、绿色和开放空间的社区与步行和满足体育锻炼建议有不同程度的关系。分析调整了社区和居民层面的社会人口特征。研究结果表明，公共卫生和城市规划官员需要解决可修改的社区水平，建筑环境特征，以创造更宜居的住宅社区，旨在解决可能影响不健康饮食的因素，并在快速增长的人口中促进积极健康的生活方式。
Few studies have investigated the built environment and its association with health—especially excess adiposity—and physical activity in the immediate pre-Baby Boom/early-Baby Boom generations, soon to be the dominant demographic in the U.S. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship. This study used a cross-sectional, multilevel design with neighborhoods as the primary sampling unit (PSU). Residents (N=1221; aged 50–75) were recruited from 120 neighborhoods in Portland OR. The independent variables at the PSU level involved GIS-derived measures of land-use mix, distribution of fast-food outlets, street connectivity, access to public transportation, and green and open spaces. Dependent variables included resident-level measures of excess adiposity (BMI ≥25), three walking activities, and physical activity. Data were collected in 2006–2007 and analyzed in 2007. Each unit (i.e., 10%) increase in land-use mix was associated with a 25% reduction in the prevalence of overweight/obesity. However, a 1-SD increase in the density of fast-food outlets was associated with a 7% increase in overweight/obesity. Higher mixed-use land was positively associated with all three types of walking activities and the meeting of physical activity recommendations. Neighborhoods with high street connectivity, high density of public transit stations, and green and open spaces were related in varying degrees to walking and the meeting of physical activity recommendations. The analyses adjusted for neighborhood- and resident-level sociodemographic characteristics. Findings suggest the need for public health and city planning officials to address modifiable neighborhood-level, built-environment characteristics to create more livable residential communities aimed at both addressing factors that may influence unhealthy eating and promoting active, healthy lifestyles in this rapidly growing population.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Flegal, KM;Carroll, MD;Johnson, CL
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Maddock, J
通讯作者：
Maddock, J
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Mehta, Neil K.;Chang, Virginia W.
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Chang, Virginia W.
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Humpel, N;Owen, N;Leslie, E
通讯作者：
Leslie, E
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12.7
作者：
Dannenberg, AL;Jackson, RJ;Tilson, HH
通讯作者：
Tilson, HH