Plant ABC Transporters

Plant ABC Transporters
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植物 ABC 运输机

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-319-06511-3_6
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Theodoulou F
Theodoulou F
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Theodoulou F

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亚家族D的ABC转运蛋白介导β-氧化底物进入过氧化物酶体。虽然哺乳动物具有三种过氧化物酶体ABCD蛋白,其同源二聚化以形成具有不同底物特异性的转运蛋白,但面包酵母具有通过异源二聚化形成的单一转运蛋白,其输入长链脂肪酰基CoA。植物具有单融合的异源二聚体转运蛋白,其表现出广泛的底物特异性,反映了植物加工的广泛的β-氧化底物。这种融合似乎发生在陆地植物进化的早期,随后是单子叶植物谱系的早期复制事件。植物ABCD蛋白在生命周期的所有阶段都发挥作用,它们的生理作用反映了转运各种底物的能力,包括饱和和不饱和脂肪酸以及芳香族化合物,如激素和次级代谢产物的前体。最近的研究表明,CoA底物的转运涉及其在过氧化物酶体内的裂解和再酯化,因此与适当的酰基腺苷酸活化酶的相互作用可能提供了一种调节不同底物进入β-氧化的机制。ABCD转运蛋白靶向的机制在各个领域广泛保守,但有证据表明蛋白质周转的调节不同。
ABC transporters of subfamily D mediate import of substrates for β-oxidation into peroxisomes. Whilst mammals possess three peroxisomal ABCD proteins which homodimerise to form transporters with distinct substrate specificities, Baker’s yeast has a single transporter formed by heterodimerisation, which imports long-chain fatty acyl CoAs. Plants have a single-fused heterodimer transporter that exhibits broad substrate specificity, reflecting the wide range of β-oxidation substrates processed by plants. The fusion appears to have occurred early in the evolution of land plants and was followed by an early duplication event in the monocot lineage. Plant ABCD proteins function in all stages of the life cycle and their physiological roles reflect the ability to transport diverse substrates including saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and aromatic compounds such as precursors of hormones and secondary metabolites. Recent work suggests that transport of CoA substrates involves their cleavage and re-esterification within the peroxisome, thus interaction with appropriate acyl adenylate-activating enzymes potentially provides a mechanism for regulating entry of different substrates into β-oxidation. The mechanism of ABCD transporter targeting is broadly conserved across kingdoms but evidence suggests the regulation of protein turnover differs.
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