Evidence of efficient stop codon readthrough in four mammalian genes.

Evidence of efficient stop codon readthrough in four mammalian genes.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gku608
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发表时间:
2014-08
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Atkins JF
Atkins JF
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Loughran G;Chou MY;Ivanov IP;Jungreis I;Kellis M;Kiran AM;Baranov PV;Atkins JF

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终止密码子通读被病毒广泛用于扩展其基因表达。直到最近在果蝇中的发现,只有非常有限数量的染色体基因通读案例被报道。保守的蛋白质编码的签名,超出注释的终止密码子的分析确定了潜在的终止密码子通读四个哺乳动物基因。在这里,我们使用修改后的有针对性的生物信息学方法,以确定另外三个哺乳动物通读候选人。使用转染到HEK-293 T细胞中的报告构建体对所有七种基因进行实验测试。四个显示出有效的终止密码子通读,并且这些具有UGA,紧接着是CUAG。比较基因组分析表明,在四个通读候选人含有UGA-CUAG,这个基序是保守的,不仅在哺乳动物,但在整个脊椎动物与前六个的七个核苷酸是普遍保守的。CUAG基序的重要性,证实了使用系统的诱变方法。一个基因OPRL 1编码阿片受体,在HEK-293 T细胞中显示出非常有效的通读水平(约31%)。OPRL 1终止密码子的5′端和3′端信号都有助于这种高水平的通读。单独的序列UGA-CUA可以支持1.5%的通读,这说明了它的重要性。
Stop codon readthrough is used extensively by viruses to expand their gene expression. Until recent discoveries in Drosophila, only a very limited number of readthrough cases in chromosomal genes had been reported. Analysis of conserved protein coding signatures that extend beyond annotated stop codons identified potential stop codon readthrough of four mammalian genes. Here we use a modified targeted bioinformatic approach to identify a further three mammalian readthrough candidates. All seven genes were tested experimentally using reporter constructs transfected into HEK-293T cells. Four displayed efficient stop codon readthrough, and these have UGA immediately followed by CUAG. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that in the four readthrough candidates containing UGA-CUAG, this motif is conserved not only in mammals but throughout vertebrates with the first six of the seven nucleotides being universally conserved. The importance of the CUAG motif was confirmed using a systematic mutagenesis approach. One gene, OPRL1, encoding an opiate receptor, displayed extremely efficient levels of readthrough (∼31%) in HEK-293T cells. Signals both 5′ and 3′ of the OPRL1 stop codon contribute to this high level of readthrough. The sequence UGA-CUA alone can support 1.5% readthrough, underlying its importance.
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