Public views on polygenic screening of embryos.

Public views on polygenic screening of embryos.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.ade1083
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发表时间:
2023-02-10
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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其他
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几十年来,人们一直使用基因信息来控制他们将拥有的孩子的类型。这些技术主要针对染色体和单基因疾病和特征;但大多数人类表型是高度多基因的(并受环境影响)。一项针对整个基因组的技术-植入前多基因风险基因测试(PGT-P)-使用多基因指数(PGI)来预测成功移植后每个胚胎的表型期望值(S);父母可以使用这些预测来选择进行体外受精(IVF)的胚胎。看到与围绕PGT-P的潜在政策讨论相关的证据和分析方面的差距,我们对公众的态度进行了调查。我们的数据表明,假设PGT-P的使用--即使是对有争议的特征--将仅限于特殊的个人,或者认为它几乎不可能引起或促进全社会的变化和不平等,是不明智的。
For decades, people have used genetic information to exercise control over the kinds of children they will have. These technologies have largely targeted chromosomal and monogenic disorders and traits; but most human phenotypes are highly polygenic (and influenced by the environment). One technology that targets the entire genome—preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic risk (PGT-P)—uses polygenic indexes (PGIs) to predict the expected value of the phenotype(s) that would arise for each embryo if successfully transferred; parents can use these predictions to select an embryo for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Seeing gaps in evidence and analysis relevant for potential policy discussions around PGT-P, we conducted a survey of public attitudes. Our data suggest that it would be unwise to assume that use of PGT-P—even for controversial traits—will be limited to idiosyncratic individuals, or that it has little potential to cause or contribute to society-wide changes and inequities.
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