Comprehensive Insight into Tapetum-Mediated Pollen Development in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Comprehensive Insight into Tapetum-Mediated Pollen Development in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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在开花植物中，花粉发育是有性生殖和结实种子的关键过程。分子和遗传学研究表明，花粉发育受配子体和孢子体因素的协调调节。绒毡层是与发育中的雄性减数细胞相邻的体细胞层，在花粉发育过程中起着重要作用。在花药发育早期，绒毡层细胞为小孢子细胞和小孢子的发育分泌营养物质、蛋白质、脂质和酶，同时启动细胞程序性死亡，为后期花粉壁的形成提供关键物质。因此，破坏绒毡层的规格、发育或功能通常会导致花粉发育的严重缺陷。本文就拟南芥中绒毡层介导花粉发育的分子机制进行综述。
In flowering plants, pollen development is a key process that is essential for sexual reproduction and seed set. Molecular and genetic studies indicate that pollen development is coordinatedly regulated by both gametophytic and sporophytic factors. Tapetum, the somatic cell layer adjacent to the developing male meiocytes, plays an essential role during pollen development. In the early anther development stage, the tapetal cells secrete nutrients, proteins, lipids, and enzymes for microsporocytes and microspore development, while initiating programmed cell death to provide critical materials for pollen wall formation in the late stage. Therefore, disrupting tapetum specification, development, or function usually leads to serious defects in pollen development. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of tapetum-mediated pollen development and illuminate the underlying molecular mechanism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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