Transcription-Replication Conflict Orientation Modulates R-Loop Levels and Activates Distinct DNA Damage Responses.

Transcription-Replication Conflict Orientation Modulates R-Loop Levels and Activates Distinct DNA Damage Responses.
复制标题

转录复制冲突取向调节R环水平并激活不同的DNA损伤反应。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.043
复制
发表时间:
2017-08-10
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Cimprich KA
Cimprich KA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hamperl S;Bocek MJ;Saldivar JC;Swigut T;Cimprich KA

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转录和复制之间的冲突是DNA损伤的潜在来源。共转录R环可能会加剧这种冲突,创造一个额外的障碍,复制叉进展。在这里,我们使用一个定义的附加体系统,以调查如何冲突的方向和R环的形成影响人类细胞基因组的稳定性。R环,而不是正常的转录复合物,诱导DNA断裂和方向特异性DNA损伤反应与复制叉冲突期间。出乎意料的是,复制体作为R环水平的方向依赖性调节剂,减少了同向(CD)方向的R环,但促进了它们在正面(HO)方向的形成。复制应激和放松管制的起源发射增加HO碰撞的数量,导致基因组不稳定的R环。我们的研究结果将DNA复制与R环稳态联系起来,并提出了在癌症和其他疾病状态中观察到的DNA复制失调导致的基因组不稳定的机制基础。
Conflicts between transcription and replication are a potent source of DNA damage. Co-transcriptional R-loops could aggravate such conflicts by creating an additional barrier to replication fork progression. Here, we use a defined episomal system to investigate how conflict orientation and R-loop formation influence genome stability in human cells. R-loops, but not normal transcription complexes, induce DNA breaks and orientation-specific DNA damage responses during conflicts with replication forks. Unexpectedly, the replisome acts as an orientation-dependent regulator of R-loop levels, reducing R-loops in the co-directional (CD) orientation but promoting their formation in the head-on (HO) orientation. Replication stress and deregulated origin firing increase the number of HO collisions leading to genome-destabilizing R-loops. Our findings connect DNA replication to R-loop homeostasis and suggest a mechanistic basis for genome instability resulting from deregulated DNA replication, observed in cancer and other disease states.
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