Centromere and telomere sequence alterations reflect the rapid genome evolution within the carnivorous plant genus Genlisea.

Centromere and telomere sequence alterations reflect the rapid genome evolution within the carnivorous plant genus Genlisea.
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着丝粒和端粒序列的改变反映了食虫植物属内基因组的快速进化

DOI:
10.1111/tpj.13058
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Joerg Fuchs
Joerg Fuchs
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Trung D. Tran;Hieu X. Cao;Gabriele Jovtchev;Pavel Neumann;Petr Novák;Miloslava Fojtová;Giang T.H. Vu;Jiří Macas;Jiří Fajkus;Ingo Schubert;Joerg Fuchs

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真核生物的线性染色体总是具有着丝粒和端粒,以确保在核分裂过程中正确的染色体分离,并保护染色体末端免于退化和融合。虽然着丝粒序列在物种之间可能不同,串联重复序列和反转录转座子的阵列是植物着丝粒中最丰富的序列类型,但端粒序列通常在植物和其他生物体中高度保守。肉食性属Genlisea(Lentibulariaceae)的基因组大小是高度可变的。在这里,我们研究这些染色体结构域在属内水平的进化序列可塑性。我们发现,(1C = 86 Mbp; 2n = 40)和硬毛棉(1C = 1550Mbp; 2n = 40)在着丝粒和端粒的DNA组成上存在差异,黑茎海鞘及其近缘种侏儒海鞘主要含有161 bp的串联重复序列,而黑茎棉G. hispidula和近缘棉G. subglabra在着丝粒位置显示了4个逆转录元件的组合。Pygmaeachromosome末端的特征是拟南芥型端粒重复序列(TTTAGGG);而G. hispidula和G. subglabra则显示了两个混合的序列变体(TTCAGG和TTTCAGG)。令人惊讶的是,在着丝粒DNA序列中的这些差异,以及端粒DNA序列中的这些差异,在平均> 9倍基因组大小差异的组之间发现,强调了该属内的快速基因组进化。这种在富含鸟嘌呤的链中具有胞嘧啶的端粒重复序列的属内进化改变,在植物中尚不清楚,可能会影响表观遗传端粒染色质修饰。
Linear chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms invariably possess centromeres and telomeres to ensure proper chromosome segregation during nuclear divisions and to protect the chromosome ends from deterioration and fusion, respectively. While centromeric sequences may differ between species, with arrays of tandemly repeated sequences and retrotransposons being the most abundant sequence types in plant centromeres, telomeric sequences are usually highly conserved among plants and other organisms. The genome size of the carnivorous genusGenlisea(Lentibulariaceae) is highly variable. Here we study evolutionary sequence plasticity of these chromosomal domains at an intrageneric level. We show thatGenlisea nigrocaulis(1C = 86 Mbp; 2n = 40) andG. hispidula(1C = 1550 Mbp; 2n = 40) differ as to their DNA composition at centromeres and telomeres.G. nigrocaulisand its close relativeG. pygmaearevealed mainly 161 bp tandem repeats, whileG. hispidulaand its close relativeG. subglabradisplayed a combination of four retroelements at centromeric positions.G. nigrocaulisandG. pygmaeachromosome ends are characterized by the Arabidopsis‐type telomeric repeats (TTTAGGG);G. hispidulaandG. subglabrainstead revealed two intermingled sequence variants (TTCAGG and TTTCAGG). These differences in centromeric and, surprisingly, also in telomeric DNA sequences, uncovered between groups with on average a > 9‐fold genome size difference, emphasize the fast genome evolution within this genus. Such intrageneric evolutionary alteration of telomeric repeats with cytosine in the guanine‐rich strand, not yet known for plants, might impact the epigenetic telomere chromatin modification.
芦荟属——具有类似脊椎动物端粒序列的植物
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影响因子: 2.6
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Cestrum 和密切相关的 Vestia 属和 Sessea 属(茄科)中缺乏拟南芥型端粒:来自真双子叶植物的第一个证据。
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