Structural and molecular heterogeneity of calretinin-expressing interneurons in the rodent and primate striatum.
Structural and molecular heterogeneity of calretinin-expressing interneurons in the rodent and primate striatum.
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.24373
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sharott A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garas FN;Kormann E;Shah RS;Vinciati F;Smith Y;Magill PJ;Sharott A
表达钙视黄蛋白（CR+）的中间神经元是灵长类动物中最常见的纹状体中间神经元类型。然而，由于CR+中间神经元在啮齿动物纹状体中相对稀少，因此对其分子和其他特性知之甚少，并且它们通常被排除在纹状体回路模型之外。此外，CR+ interneurons通常被视为一个单一的同质群体的模型，尽管以前的描述，其异构结构和空间分布在啮齿动物和灵长类动物。在这里，我们证明，在啮齿动物中，促分泌素（Scgn），特异性蛋白8（SP 8）和/或LIM同源框蛋白7（Lhx 7）的组合表达分离纹状体CR+ interneurons到三个结构和地形不同的细胞群。CR+/Scgn+/SP 8 +/Lhx 7 −中间神经元体积较小（体细胞直径通常为7-11 µm），具有曲折的部分棘状树突，并且在纹状体内的位置偏向于嘴侧。CR+/Scgn−/SP 8 −/Lhx 7 −中间神经元中等大小（通常为12-15 µm），具有双极树突，均匀分布在整个纹状体。CR+/Scgn−/SP 8 −/Lhx 7+中间神经元相对较大（通常为12-20 µm），并且具有厚的，很少分支的树突。此外，我们还提供了识别的CR+中间神经元的首次体内电生理记录，所有这些都是CR+/Scgn-/SP 8-/Lhx 7-细胞类型。在灵长类纹状体中，Scgn共表达还鉴定了具有与在大鼠和小鼠中观察到的类似的吻侧偏倚的地形上不同的CR+中间神经元群体。两者合计，这些结果表明，纹状体CR+中间神经元包括至少三个分子，结构和地形不同的细胞群体在啮齿动物。这些特性在灵长类动物中是部分保守的，其中CR+中间神经元的相对丰度表明它们在纹状体微电路中起着关键作用。
Calretinin‐expressing (CR+) interneurons are the most common type of striatal interneuron in primates. However, because CR+ interneurons are relatively scarce in rodent striatum, little is known about their molecular and other properties, and they are typically excluded from models of striatal circuitry. Moreover, CR+ interneurons are often treated in models as a single homogenous population, despite previous descriptions of their heterogeneous structures and spatial distributions in rodents and primates. Here, we demonstrate that, in rodents, the combinatorial expression of secretagogin (Scgn), specificity protein 8 (SP8) and/or LIM homeobox protein 7 (Lhx7) separates striatal CR+ interneurons into three structurally and topographically distinct cell populations. The CR+/Scgn+/SP8+/Lhx7− interneurons are small‐sized (typically 7–11 µm in somatic diameter), possess tortuous, partially spiny dendrites, and are rostrally biased in their positioning within striatum. The CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7− interneurons are medium‐sized (typically 12–15 µm), have bipolar dendrites, and are homogenously distributed throughout striatum. The CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7+ interneurons are relatively large‐sized (typically 12–20 µm), and have thick, infrequently branching dendrites. Furthermore, we provide the first in vivo electrophysiological recordings of identified CR+ interneurons, all of which were the CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7− cell type. In the primate striatum, Scgn co‐expression also identified a topographically distinct CR+ interneuron population with a rostral bias similar to that seen in both rats and mice. Taken together, these results suggest that striatal CR+ interneurons comprise at least three molecularly, structurally, and topographically distinct cell populations in rodents. These properties are partially conserved in primates, in which the relative abundance of CR+ interneurons suggests that they play a critical role in striatal microcircuits.
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