Measuring natural selection on genotypes and phenotypes in the wild.

Measuring natural selection on genotypes and phenotypes in the wild.
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DOI:
10.1101/sqb.2009.74.045
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hoekstra HE
Hoekstra HE
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Linnen CR;Hoekstra HE

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要完全理解自然选择在推动进化变化中的作用,需要准确估计自然选择的强度。因此,几种方法利用各种数据,包括模式的DNA变异性,等位基因频率的空间和时间变化,和健身估计已被开发,以确定和量化选择的基因型和表型。在这里,我们回顾这些方法,利用最近和经典的例子来说明它们的实用性和局限性。然后,我们认为,通过结合多个层次的选择估计-从个体突变到表型-和多个时间尺度-从生态到进化-与实验,证明为什么性状的选择,我们可以获得一个更完整的图片的适应过程。
A complete understanding of the role of natural selection in driving evolutionary change requires accurate estimates of the strength of selection acting in the wild. Accordingly, several approaches utilizing a variety of data—including patterns of DNA variability, spatial and temporal changes in allele frequencies, and fitness estimates—have been developed to identify and quantify selection on both genotypes and phenotypes. Here, we review these approaches, drawing on both recent and classic examples to illustrate their utility and limitations. We then argue that by combining estimates of selection at multiple levels—from individual mutations to phenotypes—and at multiple timescales—from ecological to evolutionary—with experiments that demonstrate why traits are under selection, we can gain a much more complete picture of the adaptive process.
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