Necrotizing enterocolitis: new insights into pathogenesis and mechanisms.
Necrotizing enterocolitis: new insights into pathogenesis and mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrgastro.2016.119
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发表时间：
2016-10
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影响因子：
--
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坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是早产儿最常见和最致命的胃肠道疾病。目前，NEC被认为是在细菌定植的情况下在早产儿宿主中发生的，通常在给予非母乳喂养后发生，并且疾病的发作被认为部分是由于早产儿肠粘膜对微生物配体的基线反应性增加。与足月肠粘膜相比。增加的反应性导致粘膜破坏和受损的肠系膜灌注，并部分反映了早产肠道中细菌受体Toll样受体4（TLR4）的表达增加，以及使肠道响应于定殖微生物而易患高反应性状态的其他因素。TLR4在早产肠中的表达增加反映了该分子通过其对Notch信号传导途径的作用在正常肠发育的调节中的令人惊讶的作用。本次审查将研究目前的方法来诊断和治疗NEC，提供我们目前的知识，其分子基础的概述，并强调在过去十年中取得的进展，对这种毁灭性的疾病的具体预防和治疗策略的发展。坏死性小肠结肠炎是早产儿最常见和最致命的胃肠道疾病。本文综述了目前坏死性小肠结肠炎的治疗和诊断方法，并探讨了我们对这种疾病的分子机制的理解所取得的进展，以及未来治疗发展的潜在途径。
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most frequent and lethal disease of the gastrointestinal tract of preterm infants. At present, NEC is thought to develop in the premature host in the setting of bacterial colonization, often after administration of non-breast milk feeds, and disease onset is thought to be due in part to a baseline increased reactivity of the premature intestinal mucosa to microbial ligands as compared with the full-term intestinal mucosa. The increased reactivity leads to mucosal destruction and impaired mesenteric perfusion and partly reflects an increased expression of the bacterial receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the premature gut, as well as other factors that predispose the intestine to a hyper-reactive state in response to colonizing microorganisms. The increased expression of TLR4 in the premature gut reflects a surprising role for this molecule in the regulation of normal intestinal development through its effects on the Notch signalling pathway. This Review will examine the current approach to the diagnosis and treatment of NEC, provide an overview of our current knowledge regarding its molecular underpinnings and highlight advances made within the past decade towards the development of specific preventive and treatment strategies for this devastating disease. Necrotizing enterocolitis is the most frequent and lethal gastrointestinal disease in premature infants. This Review outlines current approaches for the treatment and diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis and examines the progress made in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this disease as well as potential avenues for future treatment development.
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1103114
发表时间：
2012-05-01
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Afrazi A;Sodhi CP;Good M;Jia H;Siggers R;Yazji I;Ma C;Neal MD;Prindle T;Grant ZS;Branca MF;Ozolek J;Chang EB;Hackam DJ
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DOI：
10.1038/labinvest.2011.167
发表时间：
2012-03
期刊：
Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.67.4_spec_no.432
发表时间：
1992-04-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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