Drosophila telomeres: two transposable elements with important roles in chromosomes

Drosophila telomeres: two transposable elements with important roles in chromosomes
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果蝇端粒:在染色体中发挥重要作用的两个转座元件

DOI:
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发表时间:
2004
期刊:
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
P. G. DeBaryshe
P. G. DeBaryshe
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
M. Pardue;P. G. DeBaryshe

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果蝇的端粒是由两个反转录转座因子(HeT-A和TART)的多个拷贝组成的,而不是大多数生物体中端粒酶产生的短DNA重复序列。HeT-A的转位产生的重复序列比端粒产生的重复序列更大,更不规则;然而,这些转位在原则上相当于端粒酶的端粒构建作用。端粒酶和ht - a和TART的转位都是通过rna模板添加特定序列来延长染色体。我们提出HeT-A是从编码端粒酶成分的基因进化而来的。尽管HeT-A和TART都有一些新的特征,但TART可能与HeT-A的起源不同。HeT-A和TART被清楚地识别为非长末端重复(non-LTR)反转录转座子。这两种端粒元素只转置到染色体的末端(在黑胃龙中很明显是转置到任何染色体末端),并且每个端粒都包含一段未翻译的序列。HeT-A和TART是在染色体结构中具有明确作用的转座因子的第一个例子。这对染色体和转座因子的进化具有有趣的意义。这一发现还提出了在细胞中具有真正作用的其他转座因子将被检测到的可能性,不仅在果蝇中,而且在其他生物中。
Telomeres in Drosophila melanogaster are composed of multiple copies of two retrotransposable elements, HeT-A and TART instead of the short DNA repeats generated by telomerase in most organisms. Transpositions of HeT-A and yield arrays of repeats larger and more irregular than the repeats produced by telomeras; nevertheless, these transpositions are, in principle, equivalent to the telomere-building action of telomerase. Both telomerase and transposition of HeT-A and TART extend chromosomes by RNA-templated addition of specific sequences. We have proposed that HeT-A has evolved from genes encoding telomerase components. Although both HeT-A and TART share some novel features, TART probably has a different origin from HeT-A. HeT-A and TART are clearly identifiable as non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons. Both telomere elements transpose only to the ends of chromosomes (apparently to any chromosome end in D. melanogaster) and each contains a large segment of untranslated sequence. HeT-A and TART are the first examples of transposable elements with a clear role in chromosome structure. This has interesting implications for the evolution of both chromosomes and transposable elements. The finding also raises the possibility that other transposable elements with bona fide roles in the cell will be detected, not only in Drosophila, but also in other organisms.
DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5312.561
发表时间: 1997-04-25
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
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Lingner, J;Hughes, TR;Cech, TR
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DOI: 10.1126/science.277.5328.955
发表时间: 1997-08-15
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
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发表时间: 1998
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影响因子: 3.3
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发表时间: 1996
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影响因子: 3.3
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发表时间: 1994
影响因子: 11.1
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