Do television and electronic games predict children's psychosocial adjustment? Longitudinal research using the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
Do television and electronic games predict children's psychosocial adjustment? Longitudinal research using the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
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DOI：
10.1136/archdischild-2011-301508
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发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Henderson M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parkes A;Sweeting H;Wight D;Henderson M
幼儿的屏幕娱乐与心理社会调整的几个方面有关。大多数研究来自北美，重点是电视。很少有纵向研究比较了电视和电子游戏的影响，或者调查了性别差异。探讨如何在5岁时看电视和玩电子游戏的时间分别预测来自英国的7岁儿童的代表性样本的心理社会适应的变化。 来自英国千禧年队列研究的11014名儿童的母亲报告了5岁时每天看电视和玩电子游戏的典型时间。行为问题，情绪症状，同伴关系问题，多动症/注意力不集中和亲社会行为的母亲使用的优势和困难问卷。从5岁到7岁的调整变化回归到屏幕曝光;调整家庭特征和功能，以及儿童特征。5年内看电视3小时或以上预测7年内行为问题增加0.13个百分点（95%CI 0.03至0.24），而看电视不到1小时，但玩电子游戏与行为问题无关。 没有发现任何类型的屏幕时间和情绪症状，多动症/注意力不集中，同伴关系问题或亲社会行为之间的关联。没有证据表明屏幕时间的影响存在性别差异。电视而不是电子游戏预示着行为问题的小幅增加。屏幕时间并不能预测心理社会适应的其他方面。需要进一步的工作来建立因果机制。
Screen entertainment for young children has been associated with several aspects of psychosocial adjustment. Most research is from North America and focuses on television. Few longitudinal studies have compared the effects of TV and electronic games, or have investigated gender differences. To explore how time watching TV and playing electronic games at age 5 years each predicts change in psychosocial adjustment in a representative sample of 7 year-olds from the UK. Typical daily hours viewing television and playing electronic games at age 5 years were reported by mothers of 11 014 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Conduct problems, emotional symptoms, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and prosocial behaviour were reported by mothers using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Change in adjustment from age 5 years to 7 years was regressed on screen exposures; adjusting for family characteristics and functioning, and child characteristics. Watching TV for 3 h or more at 5 years predicted a 0.13 point increase (95% CI 0.03 to 0.24) in conduct problems by 7 years, compared with watching for under an hour, but playing electronic games was not associated with conduct problems. No associations were found between either type of screen time and emotional symptoms, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems or prosocial behaviour. There was no evidence of gender differences in the effect of screen time. TV but not electronic games predicted a small increase in conduct problems. Screen time did not predict other aspects of psychosocial adjustment. Further work is required to establish causal mechanisms.
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影响因子：
8
作者：
Page, Angie S.;Cooper, Ashley R.;Jago, Russell
通讯作者：
Jago, Russell
影响因子：
8
作者：
Zimmerman, Frederick J.;Christakis, Dimitri A.
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199810000-00014
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Singer, MI;Slovak, K;York, P
通讯作者：
York, P
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Sigman, Aric
通讯作者：
Sigman, Aric
DOI：
10.1097/00004583-200111000-00015
发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Goodman, R
通讯作者：
Goodman, R