Genome resources for underutilised legume crops: genome sizes, genome skimming and marker development

Genome resources for underutilised legume crops: genome sizes, genome skimming and marker development
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未充分利用的豆科作物的基因组资源:基因组大小、基因组撇取和标记开发

DOI:
10.1007/s10722-023-01636-2
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Diakostefani A
Diakostefani A
中科院分区:
农林科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Diakostefani A

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与更主流的作物相比,未充分利用的作物受到调查不足的影响,但往往具有更好的抗逆性和/或营养,这使它们在气候变化和人口增长的背景下对育种方案具有潜在的重要意义。因此,通过更好地了解种群结构、系统发育、候选基因和连锁图谱,为未得到充分利用的作物开发基本基因组资源可能会促进分析,从而促进它们的使用。我们对五种未得到充分利用的豆科植物进行了核和叶绿体基因组测序和组装:菜豆、剑豆、克斯汀花生、飞蛾和僵豆。我们还开发了一种简单但有效的管道,仅使用现成的、免费使用的生物信息学工具来识别数千个标记,这些标记可以应用于其他物种。我们在五种豆科植物中组装了53-68%的基因组和73-95%的基因空间。这些组件是零散的,但仍可用于识别34,000至60,000个微卫星。对僵豆的32个标记进行了检测,发现有16对引物在8份供试材料中至少有一半扩增出多态。我们还给出了17个豆科植物分类群(首次有12个)的核基因组大小估计,包括上述5个物种以及其他驯化的豆科植物物种和作物野生近缘物种。我们的目标是通过帮助这些分类群的基因组和种群遗传学研究,使这里提供的新开发的标记和基因组大小估计对研究界有用,并提供可用于研究其他重要但未充分利用的作物的方法的信息。
Underutilised crops suffer from under-investigation relative to more mainstream crops, but often possess improved stress tolerance and/or nutrition, making them potentially important for breeding programmes in the context of climate change and an expanding human population. Developing basic genome resources for underutilised crops may therefore catalyse analyses to facilitate their use, through improved understanding of population structure, phylogeny, candidate genes, and linkage mapping. We carried out nuclear and plastid genome sequencing and assembly for five underutilised legumes: jack bean, sword bean, Kersting’s groundnut, moth bean, and zombi pea. Using only ‘off-the-shelf’, free-to-use bioinformatic tools, we also developed a simple but effective pipeline to identify thousands of markers, which could be applied in other species. We assembled 53–68% of the genome and 73–95% of the gene space in the five legumes. The assemblies were fragmented but nevertheless useful for identifying between 34,000—60,000 microsatellites. Examination of 32 markers in zombi pea revealed 16 primer pairs which amplified in at least half of the eight accessions tested and were polymorphic. We also present nuclear genome size estimates for 17 legume taxa (12 for the first time), comprising the above five species as well as other domesticated legume species and crop wild relatives. We aim for the newly developed markers and genome size estimates presented here to be useful for the research community by aiding genomic and population genetic studies for these taxa, and to provide information on approaches that can be applied for investigating other important yet underutilised crops.
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