Association of sub-microscopic malaria parasite carriage with transmission intensity in north-eastern Tanzania.
Association of sub-microscopic malaria parasite carriage with transmission intensity in north-eastern Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-10-370
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发表时间：
2011-12-16
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Drakeley C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manjurano A;Okell L;Lukindo T;Reyburn H;Olomi R;Roper C;Clark TG;Joseph S;Riley EM;Drakeley C
在疟疾流行地区，感染者通常没有症状，常规显微镜或更新的快速诊断检测可能无法发现。分子技术可以更准确地评估这种无症状寄生虫的负担，其程度对疟疾控制很重要。本研究探讨了坦桑尼亚东北部地区的一系列地方病的亚微观水平寄生虫携带和克隆感染的复杂性（多重感染）的相对流行率，海拔高度是疟疾传播的既定代理。然后将PCR流行率与在同一地区收集的传播强度的其他措施进行比较。这项研究使用了在2001年短雨季期间从13个村庄（海拔低于600米的3个村庄，海拔600- 1 200米的4个村庄，海拔高于1 200米的6个村庄）进行的横断面疟疾测量调查中收集的1 121份血样。通过PCR分析样本的寄生虫携带情况和感染复数。这些数据与从同一地区收集的传输强度的其他措施进行了比较。寄生虫患病率为34.7%的PCR和13.6%的显微镜检查; 2.5倍的差异与其他最近的观察。尽管寄生虫感染率随海拔高度显著下降，但不同海拔段的倍数差异相对一致：< 600 m 70.9 vs 28.6，600- 1，200 m 35.5 vs 9.9，> 1，200 m 15.8 vs 5.9。1 - 5至45岁人群中，通过PCR检测的寄生虫患病率差异为3.2（34.5 vs 10.9），而1-5岁人群中为2.5（34.0 vs 13.5），尽管这在统计学上并不显著。多重感染（MOI）范围从1.2到3.7，并与寄生虫的流行率评估PCR和显微镜呈正相关。MOI与年龄无关。村级PCR寄生虫流行率与海拔高度、血清阳转率和预测的昆虫学接种率密切相关。无症状、低密度、多克隆疟疾感染在本研究区很常见。这些感染是重要的潜在贡献者的传染性水库的寄生虫，需要确定的控制方案，特别是在这个时代，消除疟疾是一个重点。需要高通量标准化PCR方法来识别疟疾携带者。
In malaria endemic areas, individuals are frequently asymptomatic and may be undetected by conventional microscopy or newer, rapid diagnostic tests. Molecular techniques allow a more accurate assessment of this asymptomatic parasite burden, the extent of which is important for malaria control. This study examines the relative prevalence of sub-microscopic level parasite carriage and clonal complexity of infections (multiplicity of infection) over a range of endemicities in a region of north-eastern Tanzania where altitude is an established proxy of malaria transmission. The PCR prevalence was then compared against other measures of transmission intensity collected in the same area. This study used 1,121 blood samples collected from a previously conducted cross-sectional malario-metric survey during the short rainy season in 2001 from 13 villages (three at < 600 m, four at 600-1,200 m and six at > 1,200 m in altitude above sea level). Samples were analysed by PCR for carriage of parasites and multiplicity of infection. These data were compared with other measures of transmission intensity collected from the same area. Parasite prevalence was 34.7% by PCR and 13.6% by microscopy; a 2.5-fold difference in line with other recent observations. This fold difference was relatively consistent at the different altitude bands despite a marked decrease in parasite prevalence with altitude: < 600 m 70.9 vs 28.6, 600-1,200 m 35.5 vs 9.9, > 1,200 m 15.8 vs 5.9. The difference between parasite prevalence by PCR was 3.2 in individuals aged between 15 and 45 years (34.5 vs 10.9) compared with 2.5 in those aged 1-5 (34.0 vs 13.5) though this was not statistically significant. Multiplicity of infection (MOI) ranged from 1.2 to 3.7 and was positively associated with parasite prevalence assessed by both PCR and microscopy. There was no association of MOI and age. Village level PCR parasite prevalence was strongly correlated with altitude, sero-conversion rate and predicted entomological inoculation rate. Asymptomatic, low density, multi-clone malaria infection was common in this study area. These infections are important as potential contributors to the infectious reservoir of parasites and need to be identified by control programmes especially in this era where malaria elimination is a focus. High throughput standardized PCR approaches are needed to identify individuals who are malaria carriers.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.81
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
NTOUMI, F;CONTAMIN, H;MERCEREAUPUIJALON, O
通讯作者：
MERCEREAUPUIJALON, O
DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90120-7
发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Snounou, G;Zhu, XP;Viriyakosol, S
通讯作者：
Viriyakosol, S
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.173
发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Menge, David M.;Ernst, Kacey C.;John, Chandy C.
通讯作者：
John, Chandy C.
快速疟疾诊断测试对发烧患者治疗和健康结果的影响，桑给巴尔：一项跨界验证研究。
影响因子：
15.8
作者：
Msellem MI;Mårtensson A;Rotllant G;Bhattarai A;Strömberg J;Kahigwa E;Garcia M;Petzold M;Olumese P;Ali A;Björkman A
通讯作者：
Björkman A
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0408725102
发表时间：
2005-04-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Drakeley, CJ;Corran, PH;Riley, EM
通讯作者：
Riley, EM