Association Between a Directly Translated Cognitive Measure of Negative Bias and Self-reported Psychiatric Symptoms.
Association Between a Directly Translated Cognitive Measure of Negative Bias and Self-reported Psychiatric Symptoms.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.02.010
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robinson OJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daniel-Watanabe L;McLaughlin M;Gormley S;Robinson OJ
消极解释偏差被认为是情绪和焦虑症的核心症状。然而，之前使用认知任务来衡量此类偏差的工作很大程度上仅限于病例对照组研究，如果没有大量额外的验证，这些研究就不能用于对个体进行推断。此外，很少有措施是完全可转化的（即可以在治疗开发管道中用于动物和人类）。这项调查旨在首次测量负面认知偏差，该偏差既可转化又对个体差异敏感，然后确定哪些特定的自我报告精神症状与偏差相关。共有 1060 名（n = 990 名完整）参与者执行了负偏差认知任务以及精神症状问卷。我们结合使用行为计算模型、验证性因素分析、探索性因素分析和结构方程模型，测试了这样的假设：情绪和焦虑障碍症状的个体水平在认知任务上会与负偏差呈正相关。抑郁症状较高 (β = −0.16, p = .017) 且年龄较大 (β = −0.11, p = .001) 且智商较低 (β = 0.14, p < .001) 的参与者表现出更大的负偏差。验证性因素分析和结构方程模型表明，没有其他精神症状（或跨诊断潜在因素）与任务表现的协变程度超过抑郁的影响，而探索性因素分析表明，将抑郁/焦虑症状合并在一个潜在因素中。使用症状截断或潜在混合模型生成组概括了我们之前的病例对照研究结果。这项措施独特地跨越了临床组与个体之间以及临床前动物与人类之间的普遍性差距，可用于衡量转化治疗开发管道中抑郁症脆弱性的个体差异。
Negative interpretation biases are thought to be core symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders. However, prior work using cognitive tasks to measure such biases is largely restricted to case-control group studies, which cannot be used for inference about individuals without considerable additional validation. Moreover, very few measures are fully translational (i.e., can be used across animals and humans in treatment-development pipelines). This investigation aimed to produce the first measure of negative cognitive biases that is both translational and sensitive to individual differences, and then to determine which specific self-reported psychiatric symptoms are related to bias. A total of 1060 (n = 990 complete) participants performed a cognitive task of negative bias along with psychiatric symptom questionnaires. We tested the hypothesis that individual levels of mood and anxiety disorder symptomatology would covary positively with negative bias on the cognitive task using a combination of computational modeling of behavior, confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Participants with higher depression symptoms (β = −0.16, p = .017) who were older (β = −0.11, p = .001) and had lower IQ (β = 0.14, p < .001) showed greater negative bias. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling suggested that no other psychiatric symptom (or transdiagnostic latent factor) covaried with task performance over and above the effect of depression, while exploratory factor analysis suggested combining depression/anxiety symptoms in a single latent factor. Generating groups using symptom cutoffs or latent mixture modeling recapitulated our prior case-control findings. This measure, which uniquely spans both the clinical group-to-individual and preclinical animal-to-human generalizability gaps, can be used to measure individual differences in depression vulnerability for translational treatment-development pipelines.
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