The trends of aquacultural nitrogen budget and its environmental implications in China.
The trends of aquacultural nitrogen budget and its environmental implications in China.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-29214-y
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发表时间：
2018-07-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chen D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo Z;Hu S;Chen D
水产养殖的迅速发展维持了水产食品生产，但也导致了一系列环境问题，从水生生态系统的富营养化到全球酸化。中国已成为世界上最大的水产品生产国和消费国。氮是水产养殖生态系统中必不可少的营养物质，水产养殖过程中氮的定量环境归宿和影响具有显著的环境后果，但很少受到关注。在此，我们建立了一个氮循环模型，中国的水产养殖生态系统的反应性氮的产生和归宿，在十年的时间尺度。氮平衡分析表明，水产养殖生态系统中的活性氮输入从1978年的9.43 Tg N yr−1增加到2015年的18.54 Tg N yr−1，而同期水产养殖产量从0.034 Tg N yr−1增加到1.33 Tg N yr−1。环境归宿分析表明，氮排放量、累积量、沉积物沉积量和向海洋的输出量分别增加了9.05倍、0.24倍、9.04倍和2.56倍。最后，我们调查了代表不同水产品消费水平的四种情景，并提出了政策建议（较大的水产养殖规模，标准化的水产养殖生产模式，营养元素管理和平衡的膳食结构等）。改进水产养殖生态系统的管理做法。
The rapid development of aquaculture has sustained aquatic food production but has also led to a host of environmental problems, ranging from eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems to global acidification. China has become the world’s largest producer and consumer of aquaculture products. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient in aquaculture ecosystems, and the quantitative environmental fate and impact of nitrogen during aquaculture processes have notable environmental consequences but have received little attention. Here, we established a nitrogen cycling model for China’s aquaculture ecosystem to investigate the creation and fate of reactive nitrogen over a decadal time scale. A nitrogen balance analysis showed that reactive nitrogen input in the aquaculture ecosystem increased from 9.43 Tg N yr−1 in 1978 to 18.54 Tg N yr−1 in 2015, while aquaculture production increased from 0.034 to 1.33 Tg N yr−1 during the same period. The environmental fate analysis showed that nitrogen emissions, accumulation, sediment deposition, and export into the oceans increased by 9.05-fold, 0.24-fold, 9.04-fold, and 2.56-fold, respectively. Finally, we investigated four scenarios representing different consumption levels of aquatic products and provided policy recommendations (larger aquaculture size, standardized aquaculture production model, nutritional element management and balanced dietary structure, etc.) on improved management practices in aquaculture ecosystems.
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