Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. cities.
Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. cities.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.00108941
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发表时间：
2000-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Schwartz J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laden F;Neas LM;Dockery DW;Schwartz J
此前我们报道过，主要来自燃烧源的细颗粒物（颗粒物[小于或等于]2.5 微米；PM(2.5)）与美国东部六个城市的每日死亡率相关，但与主要来自地壳的粗颗粒物无关 (1)。在这项研究中，我们使用尺寸分级颗粒的元素组成来识别几个不同的与来源相关的细颗粒组分，并检查了这些组分与六个城市中每一个城市每日死亡率的关联。通过对每个城市的特定旋转因子分析，我们确定了一个分类为土壤和地壳物质的硅因子、一个分类为机动车尾气的主导因子、一个代表煤炭燃烧的硒因子以及最多两个附加因子。我们从国家卫生统计中心的记录中提取每日死亡人数，并通过泊松回归估计特定城市的死亡率与每个源因素的关联，并调整时间趋势、天气和其他源因素。综合效应估计值计算为特定城市估计值的逆方差加权平均值。在综合分析中，移动源PM(2.5)每增加10微克/米(3)，每日死亡率就会增加3.4%[95%置信区间(CI)，1.7-5.2%]，而燃煤源细颗粒物的相应增加则导致1.1%增加[CI，0.3-2.0%]。 PM(2.5) 地壳颗粒与每日死亡率无关。这些结果表明，来自移动和煤炭燃烧源的细小部分中的燃烧颗粒（而不是细小地壳颗粒）与死亡率增加有关。
Previously we reported that fine particle mass (particulate matter [less than and equal to] 2.5 microm; PM(2.5)), which is primarily from combustion sources, but not coarse particle mass, which is primarily from crustal sources, was associated with daily mortality in six eastern U.S. cities (1). In this study, we used the elemental composition of size-fractionated particles to identify several distinct source-related fractions of fine particles and examined the association of these fractions with daily mortality in each of the six cities. Using specific rotation factor analysis for each city, we identified a silicon factor classified as soil and crustal material, a lead factor classified as motor vehicle exhaust, a selenium factor representing coal combustion, and up to two additional factors. We extracted daily counts of deaths from National Center for Health Statistics records and estimated city-specific associations of mortality with each source factor by Poisson regression, adjusting for time trends, weather, and the other source factors. Combined effect estimates were calculated as the inverse variance weighted mean of the city-specific estimates. In the combined analysis, a 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(2.5) from mobile sources accounted for a 3.4% increase in daily mortality [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-5.2%], and the equivalent increase in fine particles from coal combustion sources accounted for a 1.1% increase [CI, 0.3-2.0%). PM(2.5) crustal particles were not associated with daily mortality. These results indicate that combustion particles in the fine fraction from mobile and coal combustion sources, but not fine crustal particles, are associated with increased mortality.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Borja-Aburto, VH;Castillejos, M;Loomis, D
通讯作者：
Loomis, D
影响因子：
3
作者：
GOWER, JC
通讯作者：
GOWER, JC
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/139.3.587
发表时间：
1989-03-01
期刊：
AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
影响因子：
--
作者：
DOCKERY, DW;SPEIZER, FE;FERRIS, BG
通讯作者：
FERRIS, BG
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Guo YL;Lin YC;Sung FC;Huang SL;Ko YC;Lai JS;Su HJ;Shaw CK;Lin RS;Dockery DW
通讯作者：
Dockery DW
影响因子：
5
作者：
KOUTRAKIS, P;SPENGLER, JD
通讯作者：
SPENGLER, JD