Risk factors for HIV-1 seroprevalence among drug injectors in the cocaine-using environment of Rio de Janeiro.
Risk factors for HIV-1 seroprevalence among drug injectors in the cocaine-using environment of Rio de Janeiro.
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里约热内卢可卡因使用环境中注射吸毒者 HIV-1 血清流行率的危险因素。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb00955.x
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
desJarlais,DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lima,ES;Friedman,SR;Bastos,FI;Telles,PR;Friedmann,P;Ward,TP;desJarlais,DC
为了确定可卡因是主要注射药物的里约热内卢注射者中HIV-1的风险因素，使用世界卫生组织关于注射吸毒者艾滋病毒感染和风险行为的跨国研究的标准和访谈工具招募了受试者。HIV抗体检测结果来自血清检测和既往检测的自我报告（需要自我报告血清阳性的书面证据）。分析样本包括123名受试者，在药物滥用治疗场所和街头招募。在具有血清学和自我报告的抗体状态数据的27例受试者中，20例报告既往检测结果为阴性;其中3例血清呈阳性，可能已发生血清转化。7例报告既往血清状态阳性的受试者均检测为阳性。对于123名受试者，血清阳性率为34%。在多元logistic回归分析中，向后消除的独立显著风险因素是：注射年数大于5年;在过去5年中与男性发生性关系的男性;以及没有采取有意识的措施保护自己免受艾滋病感染。这些调查结果表明，同性恋/双性恋男性吸毒者可能是艾滋病毒进入里约热内卢吸毒者注射网络的桥梁群体。药物注射者为降低感染风险所做的努力似乎具有保护作用。这突出说明了针对注射吸毒者的艾滋病毒预防工作的重要性。
To determine risk factors for HIV–1 among drug injectors in Rio de Janeiro, where cocaine is the dominant drug of injection, subjects were recruited using the criteria and interview instrument of the World Health Organization's Cross–National Study of HIV infection and risk behaviour in injecting drug users. HIV antibody test results were derived both from serum tests and from self–reports of previous tests (documented evidence of self–reported seropositivity was required). The analytical sample consists of 123 subjects, recruited both at drug abuse treatment sites and at street locations. Of 27 subjects with both serological and self–reported antibody status data, 20 reported previous negative tests; of these three had positive sera and may have seroconverted. Seven subjects reporting prior positive serostatus all tested positive. For the 123 subjects, seroprevalence was 34%. Independent significant risk factors in multivariate logistic regression with backwards elimination are: years of injection greater than 5; being a male who has had sex with men in the previous 5 years; and not having taken deliberate steps to protect oneself against AIDS. These findings indicate that homosexual/bisexual male drug injectors may be a bridge group through which HIV is entering drug–injecting networks in Rio de Janeiro. Efforts by drug injectors to reduce their risk of infection seem to have protective effects. This underscores the importance of HIV prevention efforts aimed at drug injectors.
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