A sub-millimeter resolution PET detector module using a multi-pixel photon counter array.
A sub-millimeter resolution PET detector module using a multi-pixel photon counter array.
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DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/55/9/010
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发表时间：
2010-05-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tai YC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song TY;Wu H;Komarov S;Siegel SB;Tai YC
PET块检测器模块使用的表面贴装，半导体光传感器阵列读出的亚毫米氧硅酸镥（LSO）晶体阵列已经开发。该探测器由LSO阵列、定制丙烯酸光导、3 × 3多像素光子计数器（MPPC）阵列（S10362-11- 050 P，Hamamatsu Photonics，Japan）和带有电荷分配电阻网络的读出板组成。LSO阵列由100个晶体组成，每个晶体的尺寸为0.8 × 0.8 × 3 mm 3，并以0.86 mm的间距排列。蒙特卡罗模拟用于辅助定制光导的设计和制造，以控制闪烁光在MPPC阵列表面上的分布。九个MPPC的输出信号通过电荷分压电阻网络进行多路复用，以生成四个位置编码模拟输出。洪水图像，能量分辨率和时间分辨率的测量使用标准NIM电子。使用不同能量的伽马射线源研究了探测器响应的线性。10 × 10阵列的0.8mm LSO晶体在洪水图像中清晰地分辨出来。在511 keV处，平均能量分辨率和标准偏差分别为20.0%半高宽（FWHM）和± 5.0%。当采用±10%的能量窗口时，单个MPPC与LSO晶体耦合的时间分辨为857 ps FWHM，探测器组件中心区的时间分辨为1182 ps FWHM。当用于读出单个LSO时，在所提出的检测器模块的角晶体之间观察到单个MPPC的非线性响应。然而，中心区域的检测器模块表现出显着更少的非线性（6.5%，511千电子伏）。这些结果表明：（1）电荷共享电阻器网络可以有效地多路复用MPPC信号并减少输出信号的数量，而不会显著降低PET探测器的性能，以及（2）允许多个MPPC之间的光共享并漫射和引导闪烁光的定制光导可以减少典型MPPC的有限动态范围内的探测器响应的非线性。因此，所提出的PET探测器模块有可能被改进用于高分辨率PET插入应用。
A PET block detector module using an array of sub-millimeter lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) crystals read out by an array of surface-mount, semiconductor photosensors has been developed. The detector consists of a LSO array, a custom acrylic light guide, a 3 × 3 multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array (S10362-11-050P, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) and a readout board with a charge division resistor network. The LSO array consists of 100 crystals, each measuring 0.8 × 0.8 × 3 mm3 and arranged in 0.86 mm pitches. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to aid the design and fabrication of a custom light guide to control distribution of scintillation light over the surface of the MPPC array. The output signals of the nine MPPC are multiplexed by a charge division resistor network to generate four position-encoded analog outputs. Flood image, energy resolution and timing resolution measurements were performed using standard NIM electronics. The linearity of the detector response was investigated using gamma-ray sources of different energies. The 10 × 10 array of 0.8 mm LSO crystals was clearly resolved in the flood image. The average energy resolution and standard deviation were 20.0% full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) and ±5.0%, respectively, at 511 keV. The timing resolution of a single MPPC coupled to a LSO crystal was found to be 857 ps FWHM, and the value for the central region of detector module was 1182 ps FWHM when ±10% energy window was applied. The nonlinear response of a single MPPC when used to read out a single LSO was observed among the corner crystals of the proposed detector module. However, the central region of the detector module exhibits significantly less nonlinearity (6.5% for 511 keV). These results demonstrate that (1) a charge-sharing resistor network can effectively multiplex MPPC signals and reduce the number of output signals without significantly degrading the performance of a PET detector and (2) a custom light guide to permit light sharing among multiple MPPC and to diffuse and direct scintillation light can reduce the nonlinearity of the detector response within the limited dynamic range of a typical MPPC. As a result, the proposed PET detector module has the potential to be refined for use in high-resolution PET insert applications.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2006.05.060
发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Renker, D.
通讯作者：
Renker, D.
影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Judenhofer, Martin S.;Wehrl, Hans F.;Pichler, Bernd J.
通讯作者：
Pichler, Bernd J.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Dhanasopon, AP;Levin, CS;Habte, F
通讯作者：
Habte, F
影响因子：
19.7
作者：
Judenhofer, Martin S.;Catana, Ciprian;Pichler, Bernd J.
通讯作者：
Pichler, Bernd J.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Moehrs, S;Del Guerra, A;Mandelkern, MA
通讯作者：
Mandelkern, MA